环境法律词汇

"sunshine" laws：freedom of information legislation. These laws—also described as open records or (especially in the United States) sunshine laws—set rules on access to information or records held by government bodies.	阳光法律
（impose）reverse burden of proof	举证责任倒置
‘alternative means of dispute resolution	替代性纠纷解决方法
‘issue in controversy：an issue which is material to a decision concerning an administrative program of an agency	争议问题
1st civil division of BJ intermediate court	中级人民法院行政庭
A backlog of cases	大量案件积压
a compliance agreement settlement	守法协议
a full public record	完整公开纪录
a loading dock	装载码头
a long court battle	旷日持久的官司
a manifest injustice	明显的不公正
A neutral= a mediator=a facilitator	中间人=调解员
a notice of violation	违法通知
a written agreement to enter into a dispute resolution proceeding	进入纠纷解决程序的书面协议
Above-captioned petitions for review	前述申诉
Adjudicatory process	判决进程
administrative and civil judicial enforcement actions	行政和民事司法强制执行
Administrative Dispute Resolution Act of 1996	1996年行政纠纷解决法案
Administrative program：a Federal function which involves protection of the public interest and the determination of rights, privileges, and obligations of private persons through rule making, adjudication, licensing, or investigation	行政项目
ADR: "any procedure that is used to resolve issues in controversy, including but not limited to, conciliation, facilitation, mediation, fact finding, minitrials, arbitration, and use of ombuds, or any combination thereof."
ADR：Alternative Dispute Resolution	替代性纠纷解决机制
adversarial environment	一个对抗性的环境
Adversary system	对抗制，辩论制度,当事人主义,
agreement	协议
agreement	合意
alter the disposition of the matter	更改对纠纷问题的处理
alternative confidential procedures for disclosures by a neutral	由中立人使用替代性机密程序
ambient air quality standard	环境空气质量标准
Amend and terminate the agreement	变更或解除协议
Amiable compositeurs	友好仲裁制度
an adjudication by a presiding judge	法官裁决
an interagency agreement that provides for the reimbursement by the user agency or the parties of the full or partial cost of the services of such an employee	达成一个机构间协议，规定使用服务的机构或当事方全面或部分地支付此雇员的服务费用
an interagency committee	跨机构委员会
an unauthorized ex parte communication	未经授权的片面信息
Anti-degradation standards	反降质标准
appeal	上诉
Appointment of the parties	当事人的委托
Apprise of	了解
Aquifer drawdown	水位降低
arbitral hearings	仲裁听证会
arbitration hearings	仲裁听证会
arbitration on the condition that the award must be within a range of possible outcomes	仲裁条件是裁决必须在可能结果范围内
Arbitration will be final and binding upon all the parties	仲裁实行一裁终局原则
Assimilative capacity of rivers
Attorney for petitioner-Intervenor	原告律师
Attorney for respondent	被告律师
Attorney for respondent-intervenor
Attorney general	总检察长
Attorney general	司法部长
Award: any decision by an arbitrator resolving the issues in controversy	仲裁裁决
Be charged with	定罪
Be sentenced with
Bench/bar	法官/律师
Binding award	有约束力的裁决
Brass valve	黄铜阀门
Breach of contract	不履行合同
Bring about a solution/settlement	拿出/找到解决方案
Bring administrative litigation against the government	以行政机关为被告提起行政诉讼
Brownfield sites (involving redevelopment) smelter	旧厂区 （涉及到重新开发的问题，原厂主买单还是现开发部门负责治理环境）
Burden of proof on the defendant	要求被告举证
Case in execution	执行中的案件
Case in litigation	已经进入诉讼程序的案件
CEPF: China Environment Protection Foundation	中国环境保护基金会
child care and elder care centers	托儿所/养老院
Circuit court	巡回法庭
civil actions	民事诉讼
Civil litigation Criminal proceeding Administrative proceeding	民事诉讼 刑事诉讼 环境诉讼
Closed to public	不公开审理
CO, CO2, NOx , SOx , Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) such as hydrocarbons, aldehydes, substituted furans, carboxylic acids, Benzene, Toluene, Xylene (BTX), Semi Volatile Organic Compounds (SVOCs) (e.g. Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons); particles are also produced that usually contain Trace Elements such as Na, Mg, Ni, Cu, Pb, Fe, Mn	挥发性有机化合物（VOC） 碳氢化合物，乙醛，替代呋喃 羧酸类，苯，甲苯，二甲苯（三者共同是BTX）， 半挥发性有机化合物（SVOC） （芬芳碳氢化合物）
coaching	指导
Coal bed methane	煤层气
Coal seam	煤层
codify	使法律成文化
commandant	司令官/指挥官
Common bodies of water	共同的水域
compel the attendance of witnesses and production of evidence	要求证人到场并要求在仲裁听证会上提供证据
conciliation	协调
conciliator, facilitator, or mediator	协调者、推动者、或调节人
Conciliatory, consensual,	协调性的（而不是adversarial）,合意的
Cone of depression	泄降椎
Confer with	协商
consensual resolution of disputes	在双方合意下解决冲突
Consensus building	达成共识
consensus-building strategies	达成共识的策略
Consent Agreement and Final Order(CAFO)	同意协议和最终判决
Consent Decree（CD）	同意判决书
Consolidation: consolidate petitions for review	合并多项审查诉讼
construe	解释
consultation	自行调解
Convening or conflict assessment	召集或冲突评估
Court-annexed ADR	法院附设的ADR
Cross-examination	质证
Cross-examine witnesses	质证
defensive	辩护
Defuse hostility and resentment	化解敌意和怨恨
demote	降职
discovery	证据交换
discovery	证据交换?
discovery request	证据交换要求
disputant	争议方
Dispute over liability	赔偿责任的纠纷
dispute resolution communication	纠纷解决沟通信息
dispute resolution proceeding	纠纷解决程序
Dispute resolution: Arbitration Reconciliation consultation	纠纷解决
disqualification	取消资格
District court	地方法院
docket	(待判决的)诉讼事件表
documentary evidence
Document-only arbitration	书面仲裁
Early neutral evaluation	早期中立的冲突评价
Earthjustice Legal Defense Fund	世界正义律师事务所合法辩护基金
Effluent limit	排放限制
Electricity conductivity	电导率
enforcement	环境法执行
Environmental stewardship	环境管理
EPA encourages the use of ADR techniques to prevent and resolve disputes with external parties (e.g., state agencies, industry, environmental advocacy groups) in many contexts, including adjudications, rulemaking, policy development, administrative and civil judicial enforcement actions, permit issuance, protests of contract awards, administration of contracts and grants, stakeholder involvement, negotiations, and litigation.
EPA's Conflict Prevention and Resolution Center (CPRC)	冲突预防和解决中心
estoppel	禁止…翻供
Exercise the judicial right/authority	行使国家司法权
Ex-parte: proceeding brought by one person in the absence of another	单方面的
Facilitation	推动
Federal Appellate Court	联邦上诉法庭
Final offer/pendulum/baseball arbitration	最后报价/钟摆/棒球仲裁
Fireplace//hearth	壁炉
Freedom of Information Act	信息自由法案
gas masks	防毒面具
General Counsel	法律总顾问
Good office	调解
Ground rules	基本规则
Help establish a violation of law	证明违法行为的成立
Hi-lo arbitration	高-低仲裁
Impose an admin. penalty on Enforce a right	给予行政处罚 实施权利
in close proximity	附近
in confidence	机密
Inaction/default Admin action	不作为 行政行为
Indict sb for murder Charge sb with murder	控告某人谋杀罪名
Indict sb for: indict him for riot/as a rioter/on a charge of rioting	控告
inquiries from higher officials	来自上级的问询
Inspector General Act	首席检察官法
inversion	逆温
investigation	调查取证
irrelevant, immaterial, unduly repetitious, or privileged evidence	排除不相关、不重要、过度重复或特许不提供的证据
it’s facilities are somewhat run-down	厂房设施等也有些老化
joint fact finding	共同事实认定
Joint motion	联合动议
judgments	裁决
Judicial expertise Judicial authentification	司法鉴定 （中yi法）
Judicial reconciliation	司法调解
Judicial review	司法审查
Judicial review	司法审查
jurisdiction	管辖
keep out of the news	不要成为新闻追踪的对象
Legal remedy	法律救济
Less contentious outcomes	结果异议更少
litigants	诉讼人/诉讼当事方
litigation	诉讼
Locate a facility	工厂选址
magistrate judges	州初级法院首席法官
maintain continuing jurisdiction over the matter	对纠纷问题继续享有管辖权
Make awards	做出裁决（仲裁书）
Maximum ground-level concentration	最大落地浓度(Cm)
may not provide for less disclosure	公开不应少于
mediation	调解
mediation	调解
mediator	调解人
minitrials	小型审判
money damages	财产损害
motion	动议
mutually satisfying resolution of their issues.	双方都满意的解决方案
National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System(NPDES)	国家污染物排放清除系统
Natural Resource Defense Council	美国自然资源保护委员会
neutrals	中立方
non-adversarial conflict resolution	非对抗性的冲突解决
Non-binding Negotiation	无约束力的谈判
Northern Cheyenne tribe	北夏安族部落
Not within the jurisdiction of the admin court	不属于人民法院行政诉讼的受案范围
Null/void	不具有法律效力
Numeric standards	数字标准
official, financial, or personal conflict of interest	无官方利益、金融利益或个人利益冲突
ombuds	行政监察
on an expedited basis	迅速
overturn	推倒
Parties to the proceedings	当事人
party	当事方
permitting	环境许可
petition	申诉
Plaintiff= claimant defendant = Respondent	原告 被告
precedent	判例／先例
Precedential value	先例价值
principle of the autonomy of will	国际私法中的意思自治原则()是指国际合同的当事人有权合意选择合同的准据法.该原则经法国学者杜摩林首先提出以后,即受到国际社会的普遍关注,至今已发展成为世界各国确定国际合同准据法的基本原则.
Privacy Act	隐私法
Private judging or rent a judge	聘请法官
Procedural , substantive	程序上，实体上
Procedural rights	程序权
Prohibit regulation in derogation of a state’s jurisdiction over waters within its borders	??
Proof effect	证据效力
proof of service of such award
proof of service on all parties	对当事各方的送达证明
protective clothing	防护衣
protests of contract awards	？？
Public law, private law Public authority , private right	公法，私法 公权，私权
Quasi-judicial	准司法性的
Rear Admiral	少将
Referral of actions to arbitration	转向仲裁
Regional Counsel	地区法律顾问
Regulatory Negotiation Act	行政立法协商法
Reject an appeal	驳回上诉
released in a cloud that moved off	成团飘离了厂区
Relevant parties	利害相关方
relief	救济
reparation	赔偿
Request a trial de novo	要求重新审判
Right with a civil nature	有民事性质的权利
roster	名册
salinity-related pollutants	和盐度相关的污染物
show cause why the claim of such party should not be resolved against such party as a result of the improper conduct	解释为何其虽有不适当的行为，但仍然不应对其作出不利的处理
Situation assessment	状况评估
Sodium absorption ratio	钠吸收率
Subpoena: "a command to appear at a certain time and place to give testimony upon a certain matter.	传唤
sue the company	起诉这家公司
Summary jury trial	简易陪审团审判
Superfund site	由政府设立基金，恢复遭有害废弃物污染的场地（政府负责清理的污染场所）
Taint/ skepticism	污点/质疑
the award in an arbitration proceeding under this subchapter shall include a brief, informal discussion of the factual and legal basis for the award, but formal findings of fact or conclusions of law shall not be required.	仲裁程序的裁决应包括案情摘要、对裁决的事实和法律基础进行的非正式讨论，但不应要求正式的事实认定或法律结论。
the decision to participate	是否参与
the discovery or admissibility of any evidence that is otherwise discoverable	某可交换证据进入证据交换程序和被采信
the filing of any briefs authorized by the arbitrator	任何由仲裁人授权的案情摘要归档
the integrity of dispute resolution proceedings	争端解决机制的保密性
The neutral third party has no stake in the substantive outcome of the process	中立的第三方和争议的实体结果没有利害关系
the offending party	违规方
The office of enforcement and compliance assurance	执法和守法办公室
the parties to the litigation	当事方
The prevailing party/losing party	胜诉方/败诉方
The principle of strict liability	无过错责任原则
the stay of litigation	诉讼延迟期/暂缓诉讼
The term alternative dispute resolution (ADR) is used to describe a range of techniques that can help people settle their disputes without having to resort to litigation or to reach settlement more efficiently within existing litigation proceedings.
the upstream state	上游
through discovery or compulsory process be required to disclose any dispute resolution communication	不应在证据交换或强制程序中被要求公开
to administer oaths and affirmations	主持当事人的宣誓或声明
Trial court	审判法庭
tributary	支流
U.S. EPA	美国环保总署
U.S. Institute for Environmental Conflict Resolution (USIECR)	美国环境冲突解决研究所
Unilateral Administrative Orders(UAO)	单方行政令
Upon a demand for a trial de novo, the action shall be restored to the docket of the court and treated for all purposes as if it had not been referred to arbitration.
verdict	裁决
voluntary pollution reduction	自愿减少污染
Waste rock	尾矿石
Wood pellet	木质颗粒燃料
woodstove	木质炉