菌害：attack by fungi and bacteria
木材腐朽菌：wood destroying fungi
担子菌纲：basidiomycetes
子囊菌纲：ascomycetes
半知菌类：fungi-imperfecti/deuteromyetes
结合菌类：Zygomycetes
多孔菌目：polyprales/polyporaceae
变色菌：stain fungi
霉菌：mould
菌丝：hyphae
菌丝体：mycelium
子实体：fruit body
孢子：spore
酶：enzyme
蓝变blue stain
边材变色：sap stain
边材腐朽： sap rot
心材腐朽：heart rot
干基腐朽：butt rot
白腐：white rot
褐腐：brown rot
干腐：dry rot
湿腐：wet rot
软腐：soft rot
带线：zone line
虫害：attack by insects
木材钻孔虫：wood-boring insects
虫孔：insects hole
小虫眼：shothole/small insect-hole
大虫眼：grub hole
针孔虫眼：pin hole
表面虫眼和虫沟：surface insect holes and galleries
蛀屑：frass/bore dust
蛸翅目：Coleoptera
天牛科：Cerambycidae
小蠹科：Scolytidae
长小蠹科：Platypodidae
窃蠹科：Anobiidae
长蠹科：Bostrychidae
粉蠹科：Lyctidae
粉蠹甲虫：powder-post beetles
食菌小蠹：ambrosia beetles
象鼻虫科：Curculionidae
吉丁虫科：Buprestidae
等翅目：Isoptera
家白蚁：Coptotermes formosanus
散白蚁：Reticulitermes spp
堆沙白蚁：Cryptotermes spp
膜翅目：Hymenoptera
木蚁：carpenter ant
木蜂：carpenter bee
树蜂：wood wasp
海生钻孔动物的危害：attack by Marine borers
软体钻孔动物：Molluscan borers
甲壳钻孔动物：Crustacean borers
船蛆：Teredo navalis
木材耐火性：fire resistance of wood
风化：weathering
机械磨损：mechanical wear
化学损坏（降解）：chemical degradation
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