世界上所有活的语言都处在不断地发展变化之中。几个世纪以来，英语的语音发生了巨大的变化，一些原 来在古英语中和古英语时期发音的字母（如字母b在climb，thumb等词后面原有发音的）现在已变得不再发音， 但英语的拼写却基本保持原来的样子，这给英语单词的拼写带来了一定的困难。高年级学生的英文作文中时常 出现单词误拼和字母漏拼现象，大部分都是由于哑音字母造成的。本文把英语单词中常见的不发音的辅单字母 进行归类整理，希望对英语学习者和英语爱好者单词的拼写能有一定的帮助。
●1哑音字母b：字母b在m之后或t之前且mb, bt处于单词的末尾时（注意：member中的b发音，因为mb不在 词尾），b往往不发音。如：
（1）bomb炸弹；climb爬；comb梳子；crumb面包屑；dumb 哑；lamb羊羔；limb手足；mumb麻木的；thum b拇指；tomb坟墓。
（2）debt债务；doubt怀疑。
这两个词中字母b是中世纪时为了与拉丁语对应强加给英语的， 在英语的发音中b从来就没有出现过。
●2 哑音字母c:indict起诉
●3 哑音字母ch:yacht游艇
●4 哑音字母d：
handkerchief手帕；handsome英俊；Wednesday星期三
●5 哑音字母g：g在m和n前构成的字母组合gm/gn在词首或词尾时，g原来是发音的，随着时间的推移，／ g／音失去了，但原来的拼写形式仍保留了下来。在下列单词中，字母g是不发音的：
align 排队； design设计；
gnarled 多节的； gnat蚋；
paradigm 范例； reign朝代；
resign 辞职； sign 符号；
*gm/gn不在词首或词尾时，字母g仍须发音。如：
signature 签名； designation 指定；
paradigmatic 范例的
●6 哑音字母gh：日尔曼语中的／x／音在古英语中是用字母组合gh来表示的，随着语言的发展，摩擦音／ x／消失了，gh 前边的元音变长了（这就是gh前的元音常发长音的缘故），但／x／音的拼写符号gh却保留了 下来。在现代英语中，gh在t前常常是不发音的。如：
blight 枯萎病； bright 明亮的；
bough 大树枝； caught 抓住；
daughter 女儿； dough 面团；
eight 八； fight 战斗；
flight 飞行； freight 货物；
frighten 害怕； height 高度；
light 光； might 也许；
ought 应该； straight 一直；
right 正确； thought 思想；
weight 重量。
●7 哑音字母h：哑音字母h在词首、词尾（有时在名中）以及在g，r，w（有时t）之后与其构成字母组合 时，字母h常常是不发音的：
（1）在词首：
heir 继承人； heirloom 传家宝；
herb 草药； honest 诚实；
honor 名誉； hour 小时；
（2）在词尾：
catarrh 粘膜炎； oh 哦；
（3）在词中：
exhibition 展览； vehement 热烈的；
vehicle 车辆； John约翰；
prohibition 禁止； shepherd 牧羊人；
（4） 在gn，rh，wh（有时th）等字母组合中：ghastly 可怖地；ghetto贫民窟；ghost幽灵；rhinocero s犀牛；rhinestone 莱茵水晶石；rhyme韵；rhythm节奏；Thailand泰国；what什么；wheat小麦；why为什么；
●8哑音字母k：k在n前构成的kn字母组合，在英语和日尔曼语发音相近时，k和n都是发音的。英语语音演 变的结果，／k／音脱落了， 而拼写却保留了下来。下列常用词汇中k都是不发音的：
knack技巧； knapsack登山背包；
knee膝盖； kneel下跪；
knife刀； knit编织（毛衣）；
knob球形把手； knock敲；
knot结； know知道；
knowledge知识。
●9哑音字母l：字母l在元音字母a或o之后且位于f，v，k，m诸辅字母之前时，l通常不发音，如：
calf 小牛； half 一半；
calm 平静； palm手掌，椰子；
talk 谈话； walk 步行；
folk 人们； yolk 蛋黄；
●10 哑音字母m：mnemonics 记忆术
●11 哑音字母n：字母n位于m之后且在词尾时，n不发音。 常见的词有：
autumn 秋天； column 圆柱；
condemn 谴责； hymn 赞美诗／圣歌；
solemn 庄严。
●12哑音字母p：英语中大部分以pn，ps，pt pb开头或结尾的单词大都源于希腊语中表示科学或文学的词 语，在现代英语中，字母p 已不再发音：
（1）pn 组合：
pneumatic 空气的； pneumonia 肺炎
（2）ps 组合：
psalm 赞美诗／圣诗； pseudonym 笔名；
psychiatrist 精神分析家； psychologist 心理学家
（3）pt 组合：
ptomaine 尸毒； receipt 收条；
（4） pb 组合：cupboard 碗柜
●13 哑音字母s：字母s出现在i之后l之前时，常常不发音：
aisle 通道； isle 小岛；
island 岛屿； viscount 子爵。
●14 哑音字母t：字母t在s之后，en之前时，常常不发音：
bustle 忙碌； castle 城堡；
hustle 赶忙； fasten 系牢；
listen 听； glisten 闪闪发光；
often 经常； soften 变软；
bouquet 花束； mortgage 抵押；
●15 哑音字母th： asthma 哮喘
●16 哑音字母w：字母w在wr和wh的字母组合中，常常不发音：
sword 剑； two 二；
who谁（主格）； whom谁（宾格）；
whose 谁的； wrap 包裹；
wreath 花环； wreck 失事；
wrench 拧； wrestle 摔跤；
wring 扭； wrinkle 皱纹；
write 写； wrong 错误的；
wrought 做成的。
●17 哑音字母x：faux pas 失礼
●18 哑音字母z：rendezvous 幽会。
音变是语言发展过程中重要的语言现象，它记录了语言的发展史。各种语言在吸收外来词的过程中，都要 经过“归化”过程，对不被本民族所接受的词语和语音，会逐渐被淘汰，代之以合乎本民族习惯的词语和语音 来。就语音和拼写来看，语言的发展和变化要比拼写的变化大得多，语音的脱落给我们的单词拼写带来了一定 的困难。希望本文对英语学习者和英语爱好者单词的拼写能有一定的启发和帮助，不当之处，还望大家指正。
Friday, September 5, 2008
中学英语词汇中的形容词后缀
１．－able 以“－able”结尾的形容词一般有两种情况：
（１）v.＋able→adj. 以这种方式构成的形容词其意义为“能……的”、“可以（被）……的”、“适 合于……的”、“值得……的”等，即有被动含义。例如：reliable（可以依靠的），drinkable（可以饮用的 ），eatable（可食用的）。
（２）n.＋able→adj. 这种形容词意为“具有……特点的”，如valuable（有价值的），reasonable（ 有道理的），comfortable（舒适的）。
２．－ible 该词缀在意义上与“－able”相同，但主要用于拉丁语后。例如：terrible,horrible,invi sible,possible。
３．－al 该词缀大多是加在名词后形成形容词的。不过，有些“－al”后缀则仅体现了该词的形容词性 ，并非以这种方式构成形容词。“－al”意为“属于……的”、“有……特性的”。这类词在中学英语中颇多 ，如actual,general,international,medical,mental,moral,natural,official,several,special,usual。（ 这类形容词大部分没有比较级和最高级）
４．－an “－an”加在国名、地名之后，表明是相应的形容词，如American,African。
５．－ian “－ian”与“－an”相同。例如：Asian,Australian,Canadian,Indian,Italian。
６．－ant “－ant”表示“……性的”。带“－ant”后缀的形容词其相应名词往往是－ance或－ancy后 缀。例 如：instant(instance),distant(distance),important(importance),brilliant(brilliancy),consta nt(constancy),pleasant。
７．－ent “－ent”与“－ant”非常相似。例如：absent(absence),different(difference),excelle nt(excellence),patient(patience),present(presence).
８．－ar “－ar”意为“……的”、“……性的”，如popular,particular,regular。
９．－ary “－ary”意为“……的”、“与……有关的”。例如：contrary,necessary,ordinary,prim ary,revolutionary。
１０．－ed “－ed”加在动词之后形成形容词。实际上该形容词是由原动词的过去分词演变而来的，因 此它有被动含义。这种形容词在中学英语中 出现很多，有connected,discouraged,disappointed,engaged,exc ited,interested,limited,married,pleased,tired,united,used（习惯 的），worried,wounded。
“－ed”也可加在动词之后形成复合形容词，如man-made,water-covered。
“－ed”还可加在名词之后形成复合形容词，如warm-hearted,warm-blooded,three-legged。
１１．－en “－en”有两种情况：
（１）“－en”跟在一些物质名词之后构成形容词，表示“材料”或“质地”，如wooden,golden,earthe n。
（２）“－en”也可加在一些不规则动词之后形成形容词。这些形容词实际上是由过去分词转换而来的。 例如：spoken,written,stricken,mistaken。
１２．－ern “－ern”加在表示方位的名词之后，表示“……（方位）的”。这样的词有eastern,sout hern,western,northern等。
１３．－ese “－ese”加在国名、地名之后构成相应形容词。例如：Chinese,Japanese.
１４．－ful 这一后缀有两种情况：
（１）加在名词之后构成形容词，表示“充满……的”、“有……性质的”，如beautiful,colourful,he lpful,powerful,successful,useful,wonderful。
（２）加在动词之后，所构成的形容词意为“易于……的”，如forgetful。
１５．－ic “－ic”常常加在名词或依附于词干后，构成形容词，意为“……的”、“……似的”、“ 与……有关的”等。例 如：Atlantic,electric,arctic,historic,pacific,plastic,public,scientific。
１６．－ical “－ical”同“ic”一样附加在名词或词干后构成形容词，意为“……的”、“……似的 ”、“与……有关的”，如physical,political,practical,technical等。
注：（１）有些形容词的词尾可能是“－ic”和“－ical”并存，且可以互相替代，但这不是说两者就没 有任何区别。一般来说，词尾“ic”与词根的关系比较密切，而词尾“ical”与词根的关系比较含糊，一般作 “与……有关的”解。请比较：an electric light（电灯），electrical engineering（电气工程）；histo ric意为“历史上有名气的”，historical则意为“关于历史的”。（２）以“ic”结尾的形容词，其相应副词 则往往是pacifically,scientifically。
１７．－ing 词尾“－ing”也可构成形容词，但这种形容词实际上是现在分词形容词化了，因此，此类 形容词表示主动。例如：dying,exciting,inspiring,interesting,freezing,living。
另外，“－ing”词尾还可构成合成形容词，如good-looking,ordinary-l
１８．－ish “－ish”意义较多，在中学英语中，其主要意义是“……民族的”、“……语的”、“… …似的”、“患……的”，如English,British,foolish,feverish。
１９．－ist “－ist”表示“……主义的”、“信仰……的”。该后缀加在名词之后，如communist,im perialist,Marxist,socialist。
２０．－ive “－ive”意为“……的”、“与……有关的”、“具有……性质的”等。例如：native,a ctive,passive,attentive,expensive。
２１．－less “－less”加在名词、动词后，表示“无”、“缺”，如fearless,harmless,useless,he lpless,careless。
２２．－ly “－ly”加在名词之后构成形容词。这一词缀的意义有二：
（１）“像……的”、“有……性质的”，如friendly,lively,lovely,lonely,orderly。
（２）“以……为周期的”、“每……的”，如hourly,daily,weekly,monthly,yearly。
注：如是形容词之后加“－ly”，则构成副词。上述（２）中的形容词亦可用作副词。
２３．－（i）ous 该形容词后缀意为“充满……的”、“具有……特征的”，加在名词、动词和形容词 之后。例如：curious,famous,dangerous,obvious,poisonous,serious,various。
２４．－some “－some”加在名词、动词之后，表示“使人……的”、“易于……的”，如handsome,t roublesome,tiresome。
２５．－ward 它加在名词之后，表示方向，作“向……（方向）的”、“来自……（方向）的”解。例 如：eastward,southward, westward,northward, forward, backward,inward, outward, upward,downward。
注：这些词也可以是副词。如果词尾是“－wards”时，派生词必然是副词。
２６．－y “－y”加在名词之后，表示“具有……特征的”、“多……的”。例如：funny,lucky,shab by,snowy,thirsty,windy,sunny,rainy,cloudy,dirty,dusty。
以上是中学英语中出现的主要形容词词缀。还需说明的一点是，大部分形容词是从完整的单词上加后缀派 生来的，而有些则是在拉丁词或希腊词的词根上派生来的。
（１）v.＋able→adj. 以这种方式构成的形容词其意义为“能……的”、“可以（被）……的”、“适 合于……的”、“值得……的”等，即有被动含义。例如：reliable（可以依靠的），drinkable（可以饮用的 ），eatable（可食用的）。
（２）n.＋able→adj. 这种形容词意为“具有……特点的”，如valuable（有价值的），reasonable（ 有道理的），comfortable（舒适的）。
２．－ible 该词缀在意义上与“－able”相同，但主要用于拉丁语后。例如：terrible,horrible,invi sible,possible。
３．－al 该词缀大多是加在名词后形成形容词的。不过，有些“－al”后缀则仅体现了该词的形容词性 ，并非以这种方式构成形容词。“－al”意为“属于……的”、“有……特性的”。这类词在中学英语中颇多 ，如actual,general,international,medical,mental,moral,natural,official,several,special,usual。（ 这类形容词大部分没有比较级和最高级）
４．－an “－an”加在国名、地名之后，表明是相应的形容词，如American,African。
５．－ian “－ian”与“－an”相同。例如：Asian,Australian,Canadian,Indian,Italian。
６．－ant “－ant”表示“……性的”。带“－ant”后缀的形容词其相应名词往往是－ance或－ancy后 缀。例 如：instant(instance),distant(distance),important(importance),brilliant(brilliancy),consta nt(constancy),pleasant。
７．－ent “－ent”与“－ant”非常相似。例如：absent(absence),different(difference),excelle nt(excellence),patient(patience),present(presence).
８．－ar “－ar”意为“……的”、“……性的”，如popular,particular,regular。
９．－ary “－ary”意为“……的”、“与……有关的”。例如：contrary,necessary,ordinary,prim ary,revolutionary。
１０．－ed “－ed”加在动词之后形成形容词。实际上该形容词是由原动词的过去分词演变而来的，因 此它有被动含义。这种形容词在中学英语中 出现很多，有connected,discouraged,disappointed,engaged,exc ited,interested,limited,married,pleased,tired,united,used（习惯 的），worried,wounded。
“－ed”也可加在动词之后形成复合形容词，如man-made,water-covered。
“－ed”还可加在名词之后形成复合形容词，如warm-hearted,warm-blooded,three-legged。
１１．－en “－en”有两种情况：
（１）“－en”跟在一些物质名词之后构成形容词，表示“材料”或“质地”，如wooden,golden,earthe n。
（２）“－en”也可加在一些不规则动词之后形成形容词。这些形容词实际上是由过去分词转换而来的。 例如：spoken,written,stricken,mistaken。
１２．－ern “－ern”加在表示方位的名词之后，表示“……（方位）的”。这样的词有eastern,sout hern,western,northern等。
１３．－ese “－ese”加在国名、地名之后构成相应形容词。例如：Chinese,Japanese.
１４．－ful 这一后缀有两种情况：
（１）加在名词之后构成形容词，表示“充满……的”、“有……性质的”，如beautiful,colourful,he lpful,powerful,successful,useful,wonderful。
（２）加在动词之后，所构成的形容词意为“易于……的”，如forgetful。
１５．－ic “－ic”常常加在名词或依附于词干后，构成形容词，意为“……的”、“……似的”、“ 与……有关的”等。例 如：Atlantic,electric,arctic,historic,pacific,plastic,public,scientific。
１６．－ical “－ical”同“ic”一样附加在名词或词干后构成形容词，意为“……的”、“……似的 ”、“与……有关的”，如physical,political,practical,technical等。
注：（１）有些形容词的词尾可能是“－ic”和“－ical”并存，且可以互相替代，但这不是说两者就没 有任何区别。一般来说，词尾“ic”与词根的关系比较密切，而词尾“ical”与词根的关系比较含糊，一般作 “与……有关的”解。请比较：an electric light（电灯），electrical engineering（电气工程）；histo ric意为“历史上有名气的”，historical则意为“关于历史的”。（２）以“ic”结尾的形容词，其相应副词 则往往是pacifically,scientifically。
１７．－ing 词尾“－ing”也可构成形容词，但这种形容词实际上是现在分词形容词化了，因此，此类 形容词表示主动。例如：dying,exciting,inspiring,interesting,freezing,living。
另外，“－ing”词尾还可构成合成形容词，如good-looking,ordinary-l
１８．－ish “－ish”意义较多，在中学英语中，其主要意义是“……民族的”、“……语的”、“… …似的”、“患……的”，如English,British,foolish,feverish。
１９．－ist “－ist”表示“……主义的”、“信仰……的”。该后缀加在名词之后，如communist,im perialist,Marxist,socialist。
２０．－ive “－ive”意为“……的”、“与……有关的”、“具有……性质的”等。例如：native,a ctive,passive,attentive,expensive。
２１．－less “－less”加在名词、动词后，表示“无”、“缺”，如fearless,harmless,useless,he lpless,careless。
２２．－ly “－ly”加在名词之后构成形容词。这一词缀的意义有二：
（１）“像……的”、“有……性质的”，如friendly,lively,lovely,lonely,orderly。
（２）“以……为周期的”、“每……的”，如hourly,daily,weekly,monthly,yearly。
注：如是形容词之后加“－ly”，则构成副词。上述（２）中的形容词亦可用作副词。
２３．－（i）ous 该形容词后缀意为“充满……的”、“具有……特征的”，加在名词、动词和形容词 之后。例如：curious,famous,dangerous,obvious,poisonous,serious,various。
２４．－some “－some”加在名词、动词之后，表示“使人……的”、“易于……的”，如handsome,t roublesome,tiresome。
２５．－ward 它加在名词之后，表示方向，作“向……（方向）的”、“来自……（方向）的”解。例 如：eastward,southward, westward,northward, forward, backward,inward, outward, upward,downward。
注：这些词也可以是副词。如果词尾是“－wards”时，派生词必然是副词。
２６．－y “－y”加在名词之后，表示“具有……特征的”、“多……的”。例如：funny,lucky,shab by,snowy,thirsty,windy,sunny,rainy,cloudy,dirty,dusty。
以上是中学英语中出现的主要形容词词缀。还需说明的一点是，大部分形容词是从完整的单词上加后缀派 生来的，而有些则是在拉丁词或希腊词的词根上派生来的。
汉英口译分类词汇——教育文化词汇
大学）代理校长 Acting President
（大学）副校长 Vice President
（大学）校长 President/Chancellor
（大学）专科 Major Types of Education in China short 2- to 3- year higher education programs
（大学的）研究小组；讨论会 seminar
（国家）助学金 (state)stipend/subsidy
（戏剧学院）表演系Acting Department
（系）主任 chairman; chairperson
（小学）校长 Head /Master
（职工）子弟学校 school for children of workers & staff members
（中学）校长 Principal
爱国人士 patriotic personage
爱国主义教育 education in patriotism
百分制 100-mark system
班主任Class Discipline Adviser/Head Teacher
办学效益 efficiency in school management
半工半读学校 part-work and part-study school
半文盲 semiliterate; functional illiterate
包分配 guarantee job assignments
被授权 be authorized to do
必修课 required/compulsory course
毕业典礼 graduation ceremony; commencement
毕业鉴定 graduation appraisal
毕业论文 thesis; dissertation
毕业设计 graduation ceremony
毕业生graduate
毕业实习 graduation field work
毕业证书 diploma; graduation certificate
博士 doctor (Ph.D)
博士后 post doctorate
博士后科研流动站 center for post-doctoral studies
补考 make-up examination
补习学校 continuation school
不及格fail
材料工程系 Department of Materials Engineering
材料科学系 Department of Materials Science
财贸学校 finance and trade school
财政拨款 financial allocation
测量系 Department of Survey
成绩单 school report; report card; transcript
成人教育 adult education
成人学校 adult school
成人夜校 night school for adults
成为有理想，有道德，有文化，守纪律的劳动者 to become working people with lofty ideals, moral integrity, education and a sense of discipline
初等教育 elementary education
初中 junior middle school
辍/失学青少年 school dropout/leaver
大学肆业生 undergraduate
德才兼备 to combine ability with character; equal stress on integrity and ability
低年级学生 lower grade pupil/student; pupil/student in junior grades
地理系 Department of Geography
地球物理系 Department of Geophysics
地质系 Department of Geology
电机工程系 Department of Electrical Engineering
电机制造学校 electrical machinery school
电力学校 electric power school
电视大学 T.V. university
电子系 Department of Electronics
雕塑系 Department of Sculpture
定向招生 students are admitted to be trained for pre-determined employers
东方语言学系 Department of Oriental Languages & Literature
动物学系 Department of Zoology
动员 mobilize
短训班 short-term training course
多学科的 multi-disciplinary
俄语系 Department of Russian
发挥学生主动性、创造性 to give scope to the students' initiative and creativeness
法律系 Department of Law
法语系 French Language Department
反复灌输 inculcate
纺织工程系 Department of Textile Engineering
纺织航海学校 textile machinery school
分数 mark; grade
分校 branch school
服务性行业 service trade
辅导员 assistant for political and ideological work
附中 attached middle school
附属中学 attached middle school
副教授 associate professor
副修minor
副主任 vice-chairman
岗位培训 undergo job-specific training
高等教育 higher/tertiary education
高等学校 institution of higher education
高年级学生 upper/higher grade pupil/student; pupil/student in senior grades
高中 senior middle school
工程物理系 Department of Engineering Physics
工业大学 polytechnic university
工业工程系 Department of Industrial Engineering
工业管理系 Department of Industrial Management
工业设计系 Department of Industrial Design
工业学院 engineering institute
公费生 government-supported student
公开课 open class
共产主义道德品质 communist ethics
共产主义教育 education in communism
管理科学系 Department of Management Science
广播电视大学 television and radio broadcasting university
国画系 Department of Tradition Chinese Painting
国际关系系 Department of International Relations
国际经济系 Department of International Economics
国际劳工组织 International Labor Organization
国际贸易系 Department of International Trade
国际文化交流 intercultural communication
国际政治系 Department of International Politics
国际主义教育 education in internationalism
国家发明奖 National Invention Prize
国家教育经费 national expenditure on education
国家科技进步奖 National Prize for Progress in Science and Technology
国家统计局 the State Statistical Bureau
国家自然科学奖 National Prize for Natural Sciences
海洋学系 Department of Oceanography
函授大学 correspondence college
航海系 Department of Navigation
河流港湾工程系 Department of River & Harbor Engineering
护理系 Department of Nursing
护士学校 nurses' school
化工学校 chemical engineering school
化学系 Department of Chemistry
环境工程学系 Department of Environmental Engineering
会计系 Department of Accounting
会计学校 accountant school
伙食补助 food allowance
伙食费 board expenses
机械工程系 Department of Mechanical Engineering
基本框架 basic framework
基础科学 the fundamentals
基础课 basic course
基金会 foundation
及格pass
集体主义教育 education in collectivism
计算机学系 Department of Computer Science
记者招待会 press conference
技工学校 school of technology
寄宿生boarder
家业经济系 Department of Agricultural Economics
假期工作vacation jobs
坚持社会主义方向 to keep to the socialist orientation
兼职教授 Part-time Professor
建筑工程系 Department of Architectural Engineering
建筑工程学校 building engineering school
建筑学 Department of Architecture
讲师 Lecturer/Instructor
奖励 rewards
奖学金scholarship
奖学金生 prize fellow
教材编写组 Teaching Materials Writing Group
教导主任 Director of Teaching and
教师进修学校 teachers' college for vocational studies
教授 professor
教书育人 to educate the person as well as impart book knowledge
教务长 Dean/Director of Teaching Affairs, dean of studies
教学、科研、生产的"三结合" "3-in-1 combination" involving teaching, research, and production
教学大纲 teaching program; syllabus
教学内容 content of courses
教学人员 the faculty; teaching staff
教学组 teaching group
教研室/组 teaching and research section/group
教研室主任 Head of the Teaching and Research Section
教 育必须为社会主义现代化服务，必须同生产劳动相结合，培养德智体全面发展的建设者和接班人。 Education must serve the needs of socialist modernization, be integrated with productive labor, and train builders and successors who are well developed morally, intellectually and physically.
教育部 Ministry of Education
教育程度educational background
教育方针 guideline(s)/guiding principle(s) for education
教育投入 input in education
教育系 Department of Education
教育要面向现代化，面向世界，面向未来 Gear education to the needs of modernization, the world and the future
教员休息室 staff room; common room
教职员 teaching and administrative staff
结合、使加入 incorporate
解剖学 Department of Anatomy
进修班 class for advanced studies
进修课程refresher course
经济（学）系 Department of Economics
经济管理系 Department of Economic Management
考古学系 Department of Archaeology
考试examination
客座教授 visiting professor; guest professor
课程 course; curriculum
课程包括curriculum included
课程表 school timetable
课程重点部分educational highlights
课堂讨论 class discussion
课外辅导 instruction after class
课外活动extracurricular activities
课外阅读 outside reading
矿冶系 Department of Mining and Metallurgy
昆虫学系 Department of Entomology
理工科大学 college/university of science and engineering
理科大学 university of science
历史系 Department of History
燎原计划 the Prairie Fire Program
林学系 Department of Forestry
领取助学金的学生 a grant-aided student
留级 to repeat the year's work; to stay down
留学生 international student
聋哑学校 school of deaf-mutes
旅游管理系 Department of Tourist Management
论文导师 supervisor
盲人学校 school for the blind/ blind men’s school
美术学院 academy of fine arts
民办学校 private school
名誉教授 Honorary Professor
母校 Alma Mater
年龄段（层）age bracket
农学系 Department of Agriculture
农学院 agricultural college
农业大学 agricultural university
农业中学 agricultural middle school
旁听生（美）auditor
旁听生（英）guest student
培养独立分析问题和解决问题的能力 to cultivate the ability to analyze and solve concrete problems independently
培养学生自学能力 to foster the students' ability to study on their own
普遍教育 general education
普及教育 universal education
企业管理系 Department of Business Administration
启发式 elicitation method (of teaching); heuristic method
启发学生独立思考的能力 to help develop the ability of the students to think things out for themselves
气象学系 Department of Meteorology
汽车工程系 Department of Automobile Engineering
人才枯竭 exhaustion of human resources
三结合联合体 tripartite complex
三学期制 the trimester system
扫盲班 literacy class
商业学校 commercial school
社会参与 communal participation
社会活动social activities
社会实践social practice
社会学系 Department of Sociology
身体好，学习好，工作好。Keep fit, study hard and work well.
升级 to be promoted to a higher grade
升学t o go to a school of a higher grade; to enter a higher school
升学率 proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade
生理学系 Department of Physiology
生物（学）系 Department of Biology
师范大学 normal university; teachers' university
师范学校 school for kindergarten teachers
师范学院 teachers' college
石油地质学校 petroleum geological school
石油学系 Department of Petroleum
实习生intern
实行分区规划 practice regional planning
实验室主任 Laboratory Chief
实验员 Laboratory Technician
实验中学 experimental middle school
食品工程系 Department of Food Engineering
示范试点 demonstration pilot project
适 应社会主义现代化建设需要，面向二十一世纪，具有中国特色的社会主义教育体系。 a socialist education system with distinct Chinese characteristics that meets the needs of socialist modernization and is oriented to the 21st century
授予（学士）confer
授予某人学位 to confer a degree on sb.
暑期工作summer jobs
数学系 Department of Mathematics
双学士制 a double BA degree system
水产技术学校 marine products technical school
水利系 Department of Water Conservancy
水利学校 water conservancy school
税收 tax revenue
硕士 master
所学课程 courses taken
特别训练special training
提高......的思想品德 enhance the moral awareness of ...
体育活动 physical activities
体育系 Department of Physical Education
体育学院 physical culture institute
天文学 Department of Astronomy
填鸭式教学法 cramming/forced-feeding method of teaching
铁路机械学校 railway machinery school
铁路技术学校 railway engineering school
听课 to visit a class; to sit in on a class; to attend a lecture
通讯工程系 Department of Communication Engineering
图书馆学系 Department of Library Science
图书馆员 Librarian
土木工程系 Department of Civil Engineering
土壤系 Department of Soil
托儿所 nursery/ creche
脱产培训 off-job training
外籍教授 Foreign Professor
外交系 Department of Diplomacy
外语系 Foreign Languages Department
外语学校 foreign languages school
卫生学校 health school
文科大学 university of liberal arts
文学系 Department of Literature
无线电工程系 Department of Radio Engineering
五 爱（爱祖国、爱人民、爱劳动、爱科学、爱护公物） "Five Love": love the motherland, the people, labor, and science and take good care of public property.
五分制 the 5-grade marking system
舞蹈系 Department of Dance
舞蹈学校 dancing school
物理系 Department of Physics
西班牙语系 Department of Spanish
西方语言系 Department of Western Languages
希望工程 Project Hope
戏剧系 Department of Theatricals
系主任 Department Chairman /Department Head
系主任办公室 Office of the Department Head
小学 primary(elementary)school
校友 alumnus; alumna
协调发展 coordinated and balanced program of development
心理学系 Department of Psychology
新闻系 Department of Journalism
新增劳动力 incoming labor force
畜牧系 Department of Animal Husbandry
选修课 elective/optional course
学费 tuition (fee)
学分 credit
学分制 the credit system
学力educational level
学历education, educational history, record of formal schooling
学龄儿童 school-ager
学年 school/academic year
学期 (school)term; semester
学前教育 preschool education
学生会 students' union/association
学士bachelor
学术报告会，专题讨论会 symposium
学术活动academic activities
学位 degree
学习成绩 academic record; school record
学习年限 period of schooling
学院院长 Dean of College/Head of College
学制educational system
研究生 graduate student; post-graduate (student)
研究生指导教师 Graduate Teacher/Research Supervisor; faculty adviser
药学系 Department of Pharmacy
药科大学pharmaceutical university
冶金机械学校 metallurgical machinery school
冶金系 Department of Metallurgy
业余工作part-time jobs
业余学校 spare-time school
业余艺术/体育学校 amateur arts/athletic school
业余职工大学 spare-time college for staff and workers
夜校 evening (night) school
医科大学 medical university
医学工程系 Department of Medical Engineering
医学系 Department of Medicine
医学院 medical college/school
遗传工程系 Department of Genetics Engineering
义务教育 compulsory education; free education
艺术系 Arts Department
艺术学校 art school
音乐系 Department of Music
音乐学院 conservatory of music
银行系 Department of Banking
印刷系 Department of Printing
应届毕业生 graduating student/pupil; this year's graduates
英语系 English Language Department
优化教师队伍 optimize the teaching staff
优秀干部 excellent leader
优秀团员 excellent League member
邮电学校 posts &.telecommunications school
幼儿园 kindergarten
娱乐活动recreational activities
渔业航海学校 fishery and navigation school
园艺系 Department of Horticulture
原子能系 Department of Atomic Energy
运输管理系 Department of Transportation Management
在职进修班 in-service training course
在职培训 on-the-job/in-service training
造船学系 Department of Naval Architecture
占百分比 account for ...%
哲学系 Department of Philosophy
政治思想教育 political and ideological education
政治系 Department of Political Science
职工大学 college for workers &. Staff members
职前教育 pre-service education
职业道德 professional ethics
职业技术教育 vocational and technical education
职业学校 vocational school
职业中学 vocational middle school
植物（学）系 Department of Botany
中、小学校长headmaster/headmistress; principal
中等技术学校 secondary technical school; technical secondary school
中等教育 secondary education
中等专业学校 secondary specialized school; polytechnic school
中文系 Department of Chinese Language and Literature
中学 middle(secondary)school
中医药大学university of TCM
中医院 institute of traditional Chinese medicine
终身教授 Lifetime Professor
重点大学 key university
重点学科 key disciplinary areas or priority fields of study
重点学校 key school
主副修制 a system of a major field of specialization plus a minor field
主修major
住宿生 boarder
助教 Teaching Assistant (T.A.)
注册人数 enrollment
专门课程 specialized courses
专任教师 full-time teacher
专修科 special (training) course
专业 speciality; major
专业课 specialized course
专职教师 full-time teacher
资料中心 data center
自动化系 Department of Automation
自费生commoner
自学成才 to become educated through independent study
自学考试 self-taught examination
综合性大学 comprehensive university
总务长 Director in Charge of General Affairs
走读生 day student; non-resident student, extern
二十四节气的英文表达
二十四节气 The 24 Solar Terms:
立春 Spring begins.
雨水 The rains.
惊蛰 Insects awaken.
春分 Vernal Equinox
清明 Clear and bright.
谷雨 Grain rain.
立夏 Summer begins.
小满 Grain buds.
芒种 Grain in ear.
夏至 Summer solstice.
小暑 Slight heat.
大暑 Great heat.
立秋 Autumn begins.
处暑 Stopping the heat.
白露 White dews.
秋分 Autumn Equinox.
寒露 Cold dews.
霜降 Hoar-frost falls.
立冬 Winter begins.
小雪 Light snow.
大雪 Heavy snow.
冬至 Winter Solstice.
小寒 Slight cold.
大寒 Great cold
世界主要节日、纪念日、活动日
元旦(1月1日) NEW YEAR'S DAY
成人节(日本，1月15日) ADULTS DAY
情人节(2月14日) ST.VALENTINE'S DAY (VALENTINE'S DAY)
元宵节(阴历1月15日) LANTERN FESTIVAL
狂欢节（巴西，二月中、下旬) CARNIVAL
桃花节(日本女孩节，3月3日) PEACH FLOWER FESTIVAL (DOLL'S FESTIVAL）
国际妇女节(3月8日) INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'S DAY
圣帕特里克节(爱尔兰，3月17日) ST. PATRICK'S DAY
枫糖节(加拿大，3-4月) MAPLE SUGAR FESTIVAL
愚人节(4月1日) FOOL'S DAY
复活节(春分月圆后第一个星期日) EASTER
宋干节(泰国新年4月13日) SONGKRAN FESTIVAL DAY
食品节(新加坡，4月17日) FOOD FESTIVAL
国际劳动节(5月1日) INTERNATIONAL LABOUR DAY
男孩节(日本，5月5日) BOY'S DAY
母亲节(5月的第二个星期日) MOTHER'S DAY
把斋节 BAMADAN
开斋节(4月或5月，回历十月一日) LESSER BAIRAM
银行休假日(英国, 5月31日) BANK HOLIDAY
国际儿童节(6月1日) INTERNATIONAL CHILDREN'S DAY
父亲节(6月的第三个星期日) FATHER'S DAY
端午节(阴历5月5日) DRAGON BOAT FESTIVAL
仲夏节(北欧6月) MID-SUMMER DAY
古尔邦节(伊斯兰节，7月下旬) CORBAN
筷子节(日本，8月4日) CHOPSTICS DAY
中秋节(阴历8月15日) MOON FESTIVAL
教师节(中国，9月10日) TEACHER'S DAY
敬老节(日本，9月15日) OLD PEOPLE'S DAY
啤酒节(德国十月节，10月10日) OKTOBERFEST
南瓜节(北美10月31日) PUMPKIN DAY
鬼节(万圣节除夕，10月31日夜) HALLOWEEN
万圣节(11月1日) HALLOWMAS
感恩节(美国，11月最后一个星期4) THANKSGIVING
护士节(12月12日) NRUSE DAY
圣诞除夕(12月24日) CHRISTMAS EVE
圣诞节(12月25日) CHRISTMAS DAD
节礼日(12月26日) BOXING DAY
新年除夕(12月31日) NEW YEAR'S EVE(a bank holiday in many countries)
春节(阴历一月一日) SPRING FESTIVAL (CHINESE NEW YEAR)
其它活动节日
世界消费者权益日(3月15日) WORLD CONSUMER RIGHT DAY
世界水日(3月22日) WORLD WATER DAY
世界卫生日(4月7日) WORLD HEALTH DAY
世界地球日(4月22日) WORLD EARTH DAY
世界住房日(十月第一个星期一) WORLD HOUSING DAY
国际秘书节(4月25日) INTERNATIONAL SECRETARY DAY
国际红十字日(5月8日) INTERNATIONAL RED-CROSS DAY
国际护士节(5月12日) INTERNATIONAL NURSE DAY
世界电信日(5月17日) WORLD TELECOMMUNICATIONS DAY
世界无烟日(5月31日) WORLD NO-SMOKING DAY
世界环境日(6月5日) WORLD ENVIRONMENT DAY
世界人口日(7月11日) WORLD POPULATION DAY
世界旅游日(9月27日) WORLD TOURISM DAY
世界邮政日(10月9日) WORLD POST DAY
世界粮食日(10月16日) WORLD GRAIN DAY
世界爱滋病日(12月1日) WORLD AIDS DAY
世界残疾日(12月3日) WORLD DISABLED DAY
世界各国的国庆与独立日
1 月
1日 古巴解放日 Liberation Day (CUBA)
苏丹独立日 Independence Day (SUDAN)
4日 缅甸独立日 Independence Day (MYANMAR)
18日 突尼斯革命日 Revolution Day (TUNIDIA)
26日 澳大利亚日 Australia Day
印度共和国日 Republic Day (INDIA)
28日 卢旺达民主日 Democracy Day (RWANDA)
2 月
4日 斯里兰卡国庆日 National Day (SRILANKA)
5日 墨西哥宪法日 Constitution Day (MEXICO)
7日 格林纳达独立日 Independence Day (GRENADA)
11日 日本建国日 National Founding Day (JAPAN)
伊朗伊斯兰革命胜利日 Anniversary of the Victory of the Islamic Revolution (IRAN)
16日 美国华盛顿诞辰 Washington's Birthday (USA)
18日 冈比亚独立日 Independence Day (GAMBIA)
23日 文莱国庆日 National Day (BRUNEI DARUSSALAM)
圭亚那共和国日 Republic Day (GUIYANA)
25日 科威特国庆日 National Day (KUWAIT)
3 月
3日 摩洛哥登基日 Enthronement Day (MOROCCO)
6日 加纳独立日 Independence Day (CHANA)
12日 毛里求斯独立日 Independence Day (MAURITHUS)
17日 爱尔兰国庆日 National Day (IRELAND)
23日 巴基斯坦日 Pakistan Day
25日 希腊国庆日 National Day (GREECE)
26日 孟加拉独立及国庆日 Independence & National Day (BANGLADESH)
31日 马耳他国庆日 National Day (MALTA)
4 月
4日 匈牙利国庆日 Liberation Day (HUNGARY)
塞内加尔独立日 Independence Day (SENEGAL)
11日 乌干达解放日 Liberation Day (UGANDA)
16日 丹麦女王日 Birthday of Her majesty Queen Margaret Ⅱ (DENMARK)
17日 叙利亚国庆日 National Day (SYRIA)
18日 津巴布韦独立日 Independence Day (ZIMBABWE)
19日 委内瑞拉独立节 Independence Day (Venezuela)
26日 塞拉里昂共和国日 Republic Day (SIFRRA LEONE)
坦桑尼亚联合日 Union Day (TANZANIA)
27日 多哥独立日 Independence Day (TOGO)
29日 日本天皇诞辰 Birthday of His Majesty the Emperor (JAPAN)
30日 荷兰女王日 Queen's Day (THE NETHERLANDS)
5 月
9日 捷克与斯洛伐克国庆日 National Day (CZECH & SLOYAKIA)
17日 挪威宪法日 Constitution Day (NORWAY)
20日 喀麦隆国庆日 National Day (CAMEROON)
25日 阿根廷5月革命纪念日 May 25,1810 Revolution Day (ARGENTINA)
约旦独立日 Independence Day (JORDAN)
6 月
1日 突尼斯胜利日 Victory Day (TUNISIA)
西萨摩亚独立日 Independence Day (WESTERN SAMOA)
2日 意大利共和国日 Foundation of Republic (ITALY)
5日 丹麦宪法日 Constitution Day (DEMARK)
塞舌尔解放日 Liberation Day (SEYCHELLES)
6日 瑞典国庆日 National Day (SWEDEN)
7日 乍得国庆日 National Day (CHAD)
10日 葡萄牙国庆日 National/Portugal Day (PORTUGAL)
12日 菲律宾独立日 Independence Day (THE PHILIPPINES)
14日 英国女王官方生日 Official Birthday of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ (UK)
17日 冰岛共和国日 Anniversary of the Proclamation of the Republic (ICELAND)
23日 卢森堡国庆日 National Day (LUXEMBOURG)
24日 西班牙国王陛下日 His Majesty the King's Day (SPAIN)
26日 马达加斯加独立日 Independence Day (MADAGASCAR)
27日 吉布提独立日 Independence Day (DJIBOUTI)
7 月
1日 布隆迪国庆日 National Day (BURUNDI)
加拿大日 Canada Day
卢望达独立日 Independence Day (RWANDA)
4日 美国独立日 Independence Day (USA)
5日 佛得角独立日 Independence Day (CAPE VERDE)
委内瑞纳独立日 Independence Day (VENEZUELA)
6日 科摩罗独立日 Independence Day (COMOROS)
11日 蒙古人民革命纪念日 Anniversary of the People's Revolution (MONGOLIA)
14日 法国国庆日 National/Bastille Day (FRANCE)
17日 伊拉克国庆日 National Day (IRAQ)
20日 哥伦比亚国庆日 National Day (COLOMBIA)
21日 比利时国庆日 National Day (BELGIUM)
22日 法兰国家复兴节 Rebirth of Poland
23日 埃及国庆日 National Day (EGYPT)
26日 利比利亚独立日 Independence Day (LIBERIA)
马尔代夫独立日 Independence Day (MALDIVES)
28日 秘鲁独立日 Independence Day (PERU)
30日 瓦努阿图独立日 Independence Day (VANUATU)
8 月
1日 瑞士联邦成立日 Foundation of the Confederation (SWITZERLAND)
4日 布基纳法索国庆日 National Day (BURKINA-FASO)
5日 牙买加独立日 Independence Day (JAMAICA)
6日 玻利维亚独立日 Independence Day (BOLIVIA)
10日 厄瓜多尔独立日 Independence Day (EQUADOR)
15日 刚国国庆日 National Day (THE GONGO)
17日 加蓬独立日 Independence Day (GABON)
19日 阿富汗独立日 Independence Day (AFCHANISTAN)
23日 罗马尼亚国庆日 National Day (ROMANIA)
31日 马来西亚国庆日 National Day (MALAYSIA)
9月
1日 利比亚九月革命节 The Great 1st of September Revolution (LIBYA)
2日 越南国庆日 National Day (VIET NAM)
3日 圣马力诺国庆日 National Day (SAN MARINO)
7日 巴西独立日 Independence Day (BRAZIL)
9日 朝鲜共和国日 Day of the Founding of DPPK
12日 佛得角国庆日 National Day (CAPE VERDE)
埃塞俄比亚人民革命日 The people's Revolution Day (ETHIOPIA)
16日 墨西哥独立节 Independence Day (Mexico)
18日 智利独立日 Independence Day (CHILE)
22日 马里宣布独立日 Proclamation of Independence (MALI)
30日 博茨瓦纳独立日 Independence Day (BOTSWANA)
10月
1日 塞浦路斯国庆日 National Day (CYPRUS)
尼日利亚国庆日 National Day (NIGERIA)
2日 几内亚宣布独立日 Proclamation of the Republic (GUINEA)
9日 乌干达独立日 Independence Day (UGANDA)
10日 斐济国庆日 National Day (FIJI)
12日 西班牙国庆日 National Day (SPAIN)
赤道几内牙国庆节 National Day (Equatorial Guinea)
21日 索马里十月革命节 21st October Revolution (SOMALIA)
24日 联合国日 UN Day
赞比来独立日 Independence Day (ZAMBIA)
26日 奥地利国庆日 National Day (AUSTRIA)
28日 希腊国庆节 National Day (Greece)
29日 土耳其共和国日 Proclamation of the Republic (TURKEY)
11 月
1日 阿尔及里亚11月革命节 The Revolution Day of 1st November, 1954 (ALGERIA)
11日 安哥拉独立节 Independence Day (Angola)
15日 比利时国王日 King's Day (BELGIUM)
18日 阿曼国庆日 National Day (OMAN)
19日 摩纳哥国庆节 National Day (Monaco)
22日 黎巴嫩独立日 Independence Day (LEBANON)
24日 扎伊尔第二共和国日 Anniversary of the Second Republic (ZAIRE)
28日 毛里塔尼亚独立日 Independence Day (MARITANIA)
29日 南斯拉夫共和国日 Republic Day (YUGOSLAVIA)
12 月
1日 中非国庆日 National Day (CENTRAL AFRICA)
2日 老挝国庆日 National Day (LAOS)
阿拉伯酋长国国庆日 National Day (UAE)
5日 泰国国王日 Birthday Anniversary of His Majesty King Adolyadej (THAILAND)
6日 芬兰独立日 Independence Day (FINLAND)
7日 象牙海岸国庆日 National Day (IVORY COAST)
12日 肯尼亚独立日 Independence Day (KENYA)
17日 不丹国庆节 National Day (Bhutan)
18日 尼日尔国庆日 National Day (NIGER)
28日 尼泊尔国王生日 Birthday of H.M. King Birendara
中国节日的英译
元旦 New Year' s Day Jan.1
国际劳动妇女节International Working women' s Day
（Women's Day） Mar.8
国际劳动节International Labor Day
(May. Day) May.1
中国青年节 Chinese Youth Day May.4
国际儿童节International Children's Day（Children's Day） June .1
中国共产党诞生纪念日 (党的生日) Anniversary of the Founding of the Chinese Communist Party
(the Party' s Birthday) July .1
建军节 Army Day August .1
教师节Teachers’ Day Sept.1
国庆节National Day October.1
中国传统节日
春节 the Spring Festival （New Year’s Day of the Chinese lunar calendar） 农历正月初一
元宵节 (灯节)the Lantern Festival 农历正月十五
清明节the Qingming Festival四月五日前后
端午节the Dragon-Boat Festival农历五月初五
中秋节the Mid-Autumn Festival （the Moon Festival）农历八月十五
重阳节the Double-Ninth Day农历九月初九
情人节 the Double-Seventh Day农历七月初七
中菜的烹调方法
煮boiling
煲/炖stewing
烧/焖/烩braising
煎frying
炒stir-frying
爆quick-frying
炸deep-frying
扒frying and simmering
煸sauteing
煨simmering
熏smoking
烤roasting/barbecuing
烘baking
蒸steaming
白灼scalding
三十六计(Thirty-Six Stratagems)
1. 瞒天过海crossing the sea under camouflage
2. 围魏救赵relieving the state of Zhao by besieging the state of Wei
3. 借刀杀人killing someone with a borrowed knife
4. 以逸待劳waiting at one’s ease for the exhausted enemy
5. 趁火打劫plundering a burning house
6. 声东击西making a feint to the east and attacking in the west
7. 无中生有creating something out of nothing
8. 暗渡陈仓advancing secretly by an unknown path
9. 隔岸观火watching a fire from the other side of the river
10. 笑里藏刀covering the dagger with a smile
11. 李代桃僵palming off substitute for the real thing
12. 顺手牵羊picking up something in passing
13. 打草惊蛇beating the grass to frighten the snake
14. 借尸还魂resurrecting a dead soul by borrowing a corpse
15. 调虎离山luring the tiger out of his den
16. 欲擒故纵letting the enemy off in order to catch him
17. 抛砖引玉giving the enemy something to induce him to lose more valuable things
18. 擒贼擒王capturing the ringleader first in order to capture all the followers
19. 釜底抽薪extracting the firewood from under the cauldron
20. 混水摸鱼muddling the water to catch the fish; fishing in troubled waters
21. 金蝉脱壳slipping away by casting off a cloak; getting away like the cicada sloughing its skin
22. 关门捉贼catching the thief by closing / blocking his escape route
23. 远交近攻befriending the distant enemy while attacking a nearby enemy
24. 假途伐虢attacking the enemy by passing through a common neighbor
25. 偷梁换柱stealing the beams and pillars and replacing them with rotten timbers
26. 指桑骂槐reviling/ abusing the locust tree while pointing to the mulberry
27. 假痴不癫feigning madness without becoming insane
28. 上屋抽梯removing the ladder after the enemy has climbed up the roof
29. 树上开花putting artificial flowers on trees
30. 反客为主turning from the guest into the host
31. 美人计using seductive women to corrupt the enemy
32. 空城计presenting a bold front to conceal unpreparedness
33. 反间计sowing discord among the enemy
34. 苦肉计deceiving the enemy by torturing one’s own man
35. 连环计coordinating one stratagem with another
36. 走为上decamping being the best; running away as the best choice
汉英口译分类词汇——热门话题词汇
AA制 Dutch treatment; go Dutch
B to B (B2B) business to business
B to C (B2C) business to consumer
NASDAQ National Association of Securities Deal Automated Quotations
艾滋病(获得性免疫缺陷综合征) AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)
安居工程 housing project for low-income urban residents
按成本要素计算的国民经济总值 GNP at factor cost
按揭贷款 mortgage loan
按揭购房 take out a mortgage to buy a house; buy a house on time
按劳分配 distribution according to one's performance
暗亏 hidden loss
暗恋 unrequited love; fall in love with someone secretly
奥姆真理教 Japanese Aum Doomsday Cult
巴黎证券交易所 Paris Bourse
把…当成耳旁风Like water off (on) a duck’s back
把握大局 grasp the overall situation
白马王子 Prince Charming
白 色农业 white agriculture (also called "white engineering agriculture"; It refers to microbiological agriculture and biological cell agriculture.)
白色行情表 white sheet
白手起家 starting from scratch
白雪公主 Snow White
摆架子 put on airs
摆谱儿 put on airs; show off; keep up appearances
拜把兄弟 sworn brothers
拜年 pay New Year calls or visits
搬迁户 relocated families
半拉子工程 uncompleted project
傍大款 (of a girl) find a sugar daddy; be a mistress for a rich man; lean on a moneybags
棒球运动记者 scribe
包二奶 have a concubine (originally a Cantonese expression)
包干到户 work contracted to households
包干制 overall rationing system; scheme of payment partly in kind and partly in cash
包工包料 contract for labor and materials
保持国民经济发展的良好势头 maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy
保持国有股 keep the State-held shares
保健食品 health-care food
保理业务 factoring business
保税区 the low-tax, tariff-free zone; bonded area/zone
保证金 margins, collateral
保证重点支出 ensure funding for priority areas
保值储蓄 inflation-proof bank savings
报国计划的实施 implementation of Dedicator's Project
奔小康 strive for a relatively comfortable life
本本主义 bookishness
本命年 one's year of birth considered in relation to the 12 Terrestrial Branches
笨鸟先飞 A slow sparrow should make an early start.
蹦击 bungee, bungee jumping
逼上梁山 be driven to drastic alternatives
比较经济学 comparative economics
比上不足，比下有余 worse off than some, better off than many; to fall short of the best, but be better than the worst
闭门羹 given cold-shoulder
边际报酬 marginal return
边缘科学 boundary science
便携式电脑 portable computer; laptop; notebook computer
变相涨价 disguised inflation
标书 bidding documents
表演赛 demonstration match
剥夺冠军 strip the gold medal of somebody
博彩（业）lottery industry
博士生 Ph.D candidate
补缺选举 by-election
不败记录 clean record, spotless record
不承诺放弃使用武器 not undertake to renounce the use of force
不打不成交 No discord, no concord.
不到长城非好汉 He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.
不分上下的总统选举结果the neck-and-neck presidential election result
不可再生资源 non-renewable resources
不良贷款 non-performing loan
不夜城 sleepless city, ever-bright city
不正之风 bad (harmful) practice; unhealthy tendency
布达拉宫 Potala Palace
步行天桥 foot bridge
擦边球 edge ball, touch ball
擦网球 net ball
财政收入 fiscal revenue
采取高姿态 show magnanimity
菜篮子工程 shopping basket program
参政、议政 participate in the management of State affairs
仓储式超市 stockroom-style supermarket
沧 海桑田 Seas change into mulberry fields and mulberry fields change into seas--time brings great changes to the world. / What was once the sea has now changed into mulberry fields--the world is changing all the time.
藏学 Tibetology
草根工业 grass root industry (refers to village and township enterprises which take root among farmers and grow like wild grass)
层层转包和违法分包 multi-level contracting and illegal sub-contracting
查房 make/go the rounds of the wards
差额投票 differential voting
差额选举 competitive election
拆东墙补西墙 rob Peter to pay Paul
拆迁户 households or units relocated due to building demolition
搀 水股票 water-down stocks (ordinary stocks that can be bought by persons inside a stock company or a business at a cost lower that their face value)
产粮大省 granary province
产品结构 product mix
产 权明晰、权责明确、政企分开、科学管理 clearly established ownership, well defined power and responsibility, separation of enterprise from administration, and scientific management
产权制度、产权关系 property relations; property order
产销直接挂钩 directly link production with marketing
产业的升级换代 upgrading of industries
产业结构升级 upgrading of an industrial structure
长江三角洲 Yangtze River delta
长期共存、互相监督、肝胆相照、荣辱与共 long-term coexistence, mutual supervision, sincere treatment with each other and the sharing of weal or woe
长线产品 product in excessive supply
畅通工程 "Smooth Traffic Project"
唱高调 mouth high-sounding words
超高速巨型计算机 giant ultra-high-speed computer
超前消费 over-consuming, excessive consumption
朝阳产业 sunrise industry
炒作 speculation
彻头彻尾的反动政治势力an out and out reactionary political force
成份指数 component index
成组技术 group technology
承包 contract with
承销商underwriter
城市规划 city's landscaping plan; urban planning
城 市中年雅皮士 muppie （一批中年专业人士，附庸风雅，矫揉造作cutesification，崇尚竟品至上boutiqueification，攀比银行存款 bankification等摆阔作风，由middle-aged urban yuppie缩合而成）
城乡信用社 credit corroborative in both urban and rural areas
吃大锅饭 egalitarian practice of "everybody eating from the same big pot"
吃皇粮 receive salaries, subsidies, or other supported from the government
抽杀成功 hit through
筹备委员会 preparatory committee
筹资 raised capital/proceeds
出风头 show off; in the limelight
出家 pravrajana; cloister
出口创汇能力 capacity to earn foreign exchange through exports
出口加工区 export processing zones
出口卖方信贷 seller's credit on exports
出口退税制度 the system of refunding taxes on exported goods; export (tax) rebate
出口押汇 bill purchased (B/P); outward documentary bill
出口转内销 domestic sales of commodities originally produced for exports
传销 pyramid selling; multi-level marketing
窗口行业 various service trades
创建卫生城市：build a nationally advanced clean city
创业园 high-tech business incubator; pioneer park
吹风会 (advanced) briefing
春蕾计划 Spring Buds Program
春运 (passenger) transport during the Spring Festival
辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old and usher in the new; ring out the old year and ring in the new
磁悬浮列车 Maglev (magnetically levitated train)
此地无银三百两 A guilty person gives himself away by consciously protesting his innocence.
次新股 sub-new stock
从粗放经济转变为集约经济 shift from extensive economy to intensive economy
粗放式管理 extensive management
促进全球经济一体化 foster integration with the global economy
存款保证金 guaranty money for deposits
达标活动 "target hitting" activities
打白条 issue IOU
打包贷款 packing credit (loan)
打黑 crack down on speculation and profiteering
打假 crack down on counterfeit goods
打破僵局 break the deadlock
打顺手 find one's touch, get into gear, settle into a groove
大包干 all-round responsibility system
大轰动 blockbuster
大开眼界 open one's eyes; broaden one's horizon; be an eye-opener
大款 tycoon
大力扣杀 hammer
大路货 staple goods
大满贯 grand slam
大排档 sidewalk snack booth; large stall
大胜 white wash
大事化小，小事化了 try first to make their mistake sound less serious and then to reduce it to nothing at all
大腕 top notch
大型电视系列片,长篇电视连续剧 maxi-series
大学生创业 university students' innovative undertaking
大要案 major and serious criminal cases
大专生 junior college student
大专文凭 associate degree
代职 function in an acting capacity
带薪分流 assign redundant civil servants to other jobs while allowing them to retain their original rank and benefits
待岗 await job assignment, post-waiting
待业 job-waiting
单刀赴会 start a solo run
单循环制 single round-robin system
弹性工资 flexible pay
弹性外交 elastic diplomacy
党群关系 Party-masses relationship
党政机关 Party and government organizations
倒春寒 unusually cold spell in an otherwise warm early spring
倒计时 countdown
倒票 speculative reselling of tickets
倒爷 profiteer
捣浆糊 give the runaround
盗版VCD pirated VCD
盗打（电话) free call on somebody else's expense through illegal means
盗用公款 embezzlement
等外品 off-grade goods, rejects
邓小平外交思想 Deng Xiaoping's diplomatic thoughts
低调 low keyed (a metaphor for taking a cautious and slow approach)
地方保护主义 regional protectionism
地方财政包干制 system whereby local authorities take full responsibility for their finances
地球村 global village
地区差异 regional disparity
地热资源 geothermal resources
地市级城市 prefecture-level city
第二产业 secondary industry
第二上市 secondary listing
第三产业 tertiary industry; service sector
第三代移动电话(3G手机) third generation mobile; 3G mobile
第一发球权 first inning
第一发球员 first server
第一双打 first pair
点球 penalty kick
点子公司 consultancy company
电话号码升位 upgrade telephone number
电话会议 teleconference
电脑犯罪 computer crime
电视直销 TV home shopping
电信运营商 telecom operators
电子商务认证 e-business certification
吊球 drop shot
吊销执照 revoke license
钉 子户 person or household who refuses to move and bargains for unreasonably high compensation when the land is requisitioned for a construction project
定向培训 training for specific posts
豆腐渣工程 jerry-built projects
毒枭 drug trafficker
独立核算工业企业 independent accounting unit(enterprise)
度假外交holiday-making diplomacy
短期债务 floating debt
断交信 Dear John letter (from woman to man)
队长袖标(足球) skipper's armband
对...毫无顾忌 make no bones about ...
对冲基金 hedge fund
对外招商 attract foreign investment
多党合作制 multi-party co-operation in exercising State power
多任务小卫星 small multi-mission satellite (SMMS)
夺冠 take the crown
厄尔尼诺现象 El Nino phenomenon
恶性通货膨胀 hyperinflation
恶性循环 vicious circle
二板市场; 创业板市场 growth enterprise board; second board; hi-tech board
二次创业 start a new undertaking
二级市场secondary market
二 进宫 to enter the palace a second time (people with a past criminal record again commits a crime, and is convicted and put into a correctional institution)
二流选手 scrub, second-rater
二手房 second-hand house
二元经济 dual economy
发案率 incidence (of criminal cases)
发烧友 fancier; zealot; enthusiastic fan
发展不平衡 disparate development
发展是硬道理 Development is of overriding importance. / Development is the absolute need.
法制国家 a state with an adequate legal system
法治国家 a country under the rule of law
翻两番 quadruple
反败为胜 bring about a complete turnabout, pull out of the fire
反不正当竞争法 Law of the People's Republic of China Against Competition by Inappropriate Means
反腐倡廉 combat corruption and build a clean government
防抱死系统 ABS (anti-lock braking system)
防洪工程 flood-prevention project
房管 real estate management
访谈式竞选 （候选人在电视访谈节目中亮相进行的竞选）talk-show campaign
放下架子 to relinquish haughty airs; to get off one's high horse; throw off one's airs
放行单 release permit
飞毛腿（导弹）Scud missile
飞行药检 spot check
非对称数字用户环路 Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Loop (ADSL)
费改税 transform administrative fees into taxes
分拆上市 A subsidiary company of a corporation is listed on the stock market.
分流 reposition of redundant personnel
分期付款 installment payment
分税制 system of tax distribution
分销 sub-underwriting, distribution
粉 领族 pink-collar tribe (Women who play major role in certain professions such as office workers, secretaries, models, airline hostesses, etc)
风险投资 venture capital; risk investment
封闭式基金 close-ended fund
封杀出局 force out
疯牛病 mad cow disease; bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE)
锋利扣杀 razor-sharp smash
扶贫 poverty alleviation
浮动工资 floating wages; fluctuating wages
福利彩票 welfare lotteries
福利分房 welfare-oriented public housing distribution system
复 式住宅duplex apartment; compound apartment (a type of residential housing that maximizes usable space by increasing the number of the story building)
覆盖率 coverage rate
改制上市：An enterprise is re-organized according to modern corporate system so that it will get listed on the stock market.
干 部队伍革命化、年轻化、知识化、专业化 make the ranks of cadres more revolutionary, younger in average age, better educated and professionally more competent
尴尬，困境，糟糕 pretty pass
感谢款待的信 a bread and butter letter (a letter sent as thanks for being treated well as someone's guest)
港人治港 Hong Kong people administering Hong Kong
高层次、全方位的对话 high-level and all-directional dialogue
高产优质 high yield and high quality
高度自治 high degree of autonomy
高杠杆交易机构 highly-leveraged institutions(HLI)
高官会 Senior Officials Meeting (SOM)
高级商务师 Certified Business Executive
高架公路 elevated highway; overhead road
高科技板块 high-tech sector
高难度动作 stunner, stunt
高清晰度 high definition
高新技术产业开发区 high and new technology industrial development zone
个人收入应税申报制度 the system of the declaration of individual incomes for tax payment
个人自扫门前雪， 莫管他人瓦上霜 hoe one’s own potatoes
各大菜系 major styles of cooking
各尽所能let each person do his best; from each according to his ability
各就各位On your marks!"
根本政治制度 fundamental political system
跟踪审计 follow-up auditing
工程公司 engineering company
工商局 industrial and commercial bureau
工薪阶层 salariat; state employee; salaried person
工业控制一体化integrated industrial control; industrial control of integration
工业园区 industrial park
公费医疗 medical services at state expense
公告板服务 Bulletin Board Service (BBS)
公积金public accumulation funds, public reserve funds
公检法 public security organs, procuratorial organs and people's courts
公开喊价市场 open outcry markets
公款吃喝 recreational activities using public funds
公路隔离带 median
公司分立与解散 separation and dissolution of a company
公益林 public welfare forest
公正、公平、公开 just, fair and open
公证财产 notarize the properties
功夫不负有心人 Everything comes to him who waits.
恭喜发财 May you be prosperous!; Wish you all the best!
共产党领导下的多党合作与政治协商 multi-party cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of Communist Party
股本share capital
股本金 equity capital
骨干企业 key enterprise
挂靠 be attached or affiliated to; be subordinate to
挂 职 1) take a temporary post (in order to temper oneself); 2) serve in a lower level unit for a period while retaining one's position in the previous unit
关税壁垒 customs barrier; tariff wall
光谷 optical valley
光机电一体化 optical, mechanical and electronic integration
光盘杂志 CD-ROM magazine
光通讯 photo-communication; optical communication
广告电话直销direct response advertising
广域网 wide area network (WAN)
归口管理 put under centralized management by specialized departments
国产化率 import substitution rate; localization rate of parts and components
国防动员体制 the mobilization for national defense
国际惯例 international common practice
国际化战略 internationalization strategy
国际日期变更线 International Date Line (IDL)
国际商业机器公司 International Business Machine Corporation (IBM)
国家经济体制改革委员会 the State Commission for Restructuring the Economic Systems
国家控股公司 state-controlling company
国家普通话水平考试 National Proficiency Test of Putonghua
国家一级保护 first-grade State protection
国家质量技术监督局 the State Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision
国脚 player of the national football team; footballer of the national team
国库券 treasury bonds
国民党 Kuomintang
国民经济支柱产业 pillar industries in national economy
国民生产总值 gross national product (GNP)
国内生产总值 gross domestic product (GDP)
国土局 Land and Resources Bureau
国债专项资金 special fund for treasury bond
过度开垦 excess reclamation
过犹不及 going too far is as bad as not going far enough; beyond is as wrong as falling short; too much is as bad as too little
海市蜃楼, 镜花水月, 无稽之谈 a mare’s nest
海湾战争综合征 the Gulf War syndrome
函授大学 correspondence university
汉字处理软件 Chinese character processing software
旱地滑雪场 mock skiing park
航母 aircraft carrier
航向错误, 奉行错误方向 on the wrong tack
豪赌 unrestrained gambling
好出风头的运动员 exhibitionist, grandstander
好莱坞大片 Hollywood blockbuster
好球 "Strike"
好事不出门，恶事传千里 Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news spread far and wide.
合理引导消费 guide rational consumption
合议庭 collegiate bench
和服 Kimono
核销 cancel after verification
黑店 gangster inn
黑客 hacker
黑社会 Mafia-style organizations; gangland
红包 （中）red paper containing money as a gift, (贬) bribe, kickback
红筹股red chips
红股 bonus share
红 帽子企业 red cap enterprise (refers to the reputation a private enterprise enjoys by becoming attached to a government department and doing business in the name of a state-run or collective-run enterprise)
红细胞生成素 Erythropoietin (EPO)
宏观调控 macro-control
后防空虚 leave the defense exposed
后台管理 back-stage management
呼啦圈 hula hoop
胡子工程 long-drawn-out project (a project which takes so long that young workers become bearded)
虎父无犬子 A wise goose never lays a tame egg.
互动广告 interactive advertisement
户口簿 residence booklet
户口管理制度 domicile system, residence registration system
户主 head of a household
护身法宝 amulet
华表 ornamental column/cloud pillar/stele
华盖 canopy
滑板车 scooter
坏球 "Ball"
还俗 resume secular life, unfrock
环太平洋地区 Pacific Rim
换手率 turnover rate
黄、赌、毒 pornography, gambling and drug abuse and trafficking
黄金时段 prime time
灰色收入 income from moonlighting
挥棒 swing
挥棒不中 fan
汇丰银行 Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation (HSBC)
婚介所 matrimonial agency
婚外恋 extramarital love
活到老，学到老 One is never too old to learn.
火炬计划 Torch Program (a plan to develop new and high technology)
货币化 monetization
货币回笼 withdrawal of currency from circulation
货到付款 cash on delivery
机场建设费 airport construction fee
机构投资者 institutional investor
机构臃肿 overstaffing in organizations (government)
积压产品 overstocked commodities (inventories)
基本国情 fundamental realities of the country
基本路线要管一百年 The basic line must be followed unswervingly for a very long time to come.
基层民主 democracy at the grassroots level
基层组织 organizations at the grass-roots level
基础设施 infrastructure
基因工程 genetic engineering
基因突变 genetic mutation
绩优股 blue chip
缉毒队 narcotics squad
缉私力量 the forces engaged in the fight against smuggling
激烈竞争 cut-throat competition
吉尼斯世界记录 Guinness (Book of Records)
吉祥物 mascot
集体婚礼 collective wedding ceremony
集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development
计划单列市 city specifically designated in the state plan
计划生育责任制 responsibility system of family planning
计算机辅助教学 computer-assisted instruction (CAI)
计算机中央处理器 central processing unit(CPU)
记者席 press box
技术产权交易所 technology equity market; technology property right exchange
技术交底 confide a technological secret to somebody
技术密集产品 technology-intensive product
技术下乡 spread technological knowledge to farmers
既成事实fait accompli (noun)
既往不咎, 忘掉旧嫌 let bygones be bygones
加班 work extra shifts
加密 encrypt
加强舆论监督 ensure that the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion
加权平均值 weighted average
家庭联产承包责任制 the household contract responsibility system
家族企业 family firm
嘉宾 distinguished guest, honored guest
甲骨文 inscriptions on animal bones or tortoise shells
假唱 lip-synch
假动作 deception, feint
假日经济 holiday economy
尖端产品 highly sophisticated products
坚持统一，反对分裂，增加了解，化解歧见 persist in reunification, oppose separation, increase understanding and iron out differences
监督部门 watchdog
减负 alleviate burdens on sb.
减速玻璃(汽车）decelerating glass
减员增效 downsizing for efficiency; cut payroll to improve efficiency
剪彩 cut the ribbon
剪刀差 the scissors gap between the prices of ... and ...
江南水乡 the south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River
讲诚信，反欺诈： honor credibility and oppose cheating
降落伞候选人，外来候选人（应召而来参加本人非所在地区竞选的政党候选人）parachute candidate
侥幸球 fluke
脚踩两只船 sit on the fence
脚踏实地 be down-to-earth
教书育人 impart knowledge and educate people
教学法 pedagogy; teaching method
教育部社政司 Social Science Research and Ideological Work Department of the Ministry of Education
接口 interface
街道企业 neighborhood enterprise
街心花园 park at an intersection; garden in the city center
节奏布鲁斯音乐（RMB音乐） rhythm blues
结售汇制度 the system of exchange, settlement and sales
解放生产力 emancipate the productive forces
解放思想、实事求是的思想路线 ideological line of emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts
解困基金 anti-poverty funds
戒毒所 drug rehabilitation center
戒急用忍 overcome impetuosity and exercise patience; no haste, be patient
金本位 gold standard
金边债券 gilt-edged bonds
金降落伞 golden parachute
金融电子化 computerize financial services
金融危机 financial crisis
金税工程 Golden Tax Project
金无足赤, 人无完人 Gold can't be pure and man can't be perfect.
紧箍咒 inhibiting magic phrase
紧密型企业集团 tightly-knit groups of enterprises
紧追 cling to, shadow, thunder on one's trail
劲射 power shot
近海渔业 offshore fishery
近 水楼台先得月 First come, first served; A water-front pavilion gets the moonlight first--the advantage of being in a favored position.
进出口商会 chamber of import and export trade
进口渗透 import penetration
进修班 class for further studies
禁渔期 closed fishing seasons
禁 止在任何地方、任何环境进行一切方式的释放核能的核武器试验保爆炸 prohibit any nuclear weapon test explosion which releases nuclear energy at any place and in any environment
京剧票友 Peking Opera fan
京剧人物脸谱 types of facial make-up in Beijing opera
经常项目顺差favorable balance of current account, surplus of current account
经常性贷款 commercial lending
经常性支出 running expenses
经济林 cash tree
经济全球化 economic globalization; economic integration
经济失调指数 misery index
经济头脑 commercially minded people; people with business sense
经营管理高度科学化的现代化大企业 modern big enterprise with highly scientific management system
精简机构 streamline government organs
精品 competitive products
景泰蓝 cloisonné
敬业精神 professional dedication; professional ethics
九五攻关 State Key Task 95
居委会 neighborhood committee; residents' committee
局域网 local area network (LAN)
举报电话 informants' hot-line telephone
拒载 refuse to take passengers
君子之交淡如水 the friendship between gentlemen is as pure as crystal; a hedge between keeps friendship green
竣工式 completion ceremony
卡丁车 kart
开发一代，储存一带，预研一代 (产品） to develop this generation of products while researching on the next generation of products
开放式基金 open-ended fund
开工不足 enterprises running under their production capacity
开工典礼 commencement ceremony
开后门under-the-counter deals; offer advantages to one's friends or relatives by underhand means
开题报告 opening speech; opening report, thesis proposal
开小灶 give special favor
开夜车 burn the midnight oil; work over night
看跌/看涨期权 put / call option
看守政府, 看守内阁，过渡政府 caretaker cabinet
抗震棚 quake-proof shelter
考研 take part in the entrance exams for postgraduate schools
考研热 the craze for graduate school
科技成果转化为生产力 transfer of scientific and technological achievements
科技含量 technology content
科技是第一生产力 Science and technology constitute a primary productive force.
科教兴国 rely on science and education to rejuvenate the nation
科研攻关 scientific research and tackle the key research project
可持续发展战略 strategy of sustainable development
可转换债券convertible bond
刻录机 CD writer; disc-carving machine
空头支票 accommodation note, lip service
空中小姐 air hostess; air stewardess
控股公司 holding company
口蹄疫 foot-and-mouth disease
扣帽子 put a label on
跨世纪工程 a trans-century project
跨越式发展 great-leap-forward development
快速反应部队 rapid response force
快讯 news flash; flash
宽带接入 broadband access
宽带网 broadband networks
宽限期 grace period
亏损企业 enterprises running in the red/under deficit
困难职工 the needy
扩大内需 to expand domestic demand
垃圾债券 junk bond
拉动经济增长 fuel economic growth
拉关系 try to curry favor with
拉拉队 cheering squad
拉拉队长 cheer-leader, rooter king
拉尼娜现象 La Nina phenomenon
来电显示电话机 caller ID telephone
来料加工 process materials supplied by clients; accept customers' materials for processing
蓝筹股 blue chips
劳动合同制 labor contract system
老 少边穷地区 former revolutionary base areas, areas inhabited by minority nationalities, remote and border areas and poverty-stricken areas
老生常谈，陈词滥调 cut and dried
老字号 an old and famous shop or enterprise
篱笆墙 barriers/ blockage to inter-regional trading
礼尚往来 Courtesy calls for reciprocity.
礼仪小姐 ritual girl
理货公司 tally company
立体农业 three-dimensional agriculture
利改税 substitution of tax payment for profit delivery
利好因素 wrinkle
利基 niche
连带责任 joint liability
联产承包责任制 system of contracted responsibility linking remuneration to output; contract system with remuneration linked to output
联合国会费 the UN membership dues
联合兼并 conglomeration and merger of enterprises
联合联络小组 joint liaison group
联合投标 syndicated tender
联想集团 Legend Group
廉洁奉公，以正治国 (of an official) clean and devoted, and govern the state with his own example of uprightness
廉政、勤政、务实、高效政府 an honest, diligent, pragmatic and efficient government
廉政建设 construction of a clean and honest administration
练摊 to be a vendor
良性循环 virtuous circle
粮食收购部门 (government's) grain procurement (purchasing) agencies
粮油关系：grain and oil rationing registration
两岸直航促进会 Association for Promotion of Cross-Straits Direct Transportation
两弹一艇 A-bomb, H-bomb and nuclear-powered submarine
两个对等的政治实体 "two equal political entities
两个文明一起抓 place equal emphasis on material and ethical progress
两 手抓两手都要硬 We must address ourselves to the problem of both material and spiritual civilization(both material as well as culture and ideological progress) without any letup.
两思（致富思源，富而思进） to think of the source of getting rich and of making progress after becoming affluence
两院院士academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Engineering
劣等品shoddy goods; substandard goods
猎头公司 head-hunting company
临时主教练 caretaker coach
零配件 spare and accessory parts
领头羊 bellwether
流动人口 transient population
流动图书馆 traveling library; bookmobile
留得青山在，不怕没柴烧 Where there is life, there is hope.
留学咨询：consulting on the study abroad
留职停薪 retain the job but suspend the salary
龙头老大 leading enterprise; flagship of the industry
路演road show
旅行结婚 have a honeymoon trip
绿地覆盖率 forest coverage rate
绿化 afforestation
绿色急救通道 emergency green path
绿色食品 green food
乱集资、乱摊派、乱收费 unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition of donations and exaction of fees from enterprises
乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款 arbitrary charges, fund-raising quotas and fines
论文答辩 (thesis) oral defense
裸机bare mobile phone
马拉松式竞选活动 campaignathon
马路菜场入室工程 the project to build indoor free market to accommodate street vegetable vendors
马 太效应 the Matthew effect (A phenomenon in specific circles whereby one's accomplishments and reputation tend to snowball, and those with meager accomplishments have greater difficulty achieving accomplishments. )
买一送一 two-for-one offer, buy one get one free
满意度 degree of satisfaction
盲流和倒流人员 transient from the countryside
冒充包装（销售）[指将劣质商品包装成外观像名优产品出售的做法] copycat packaging
帽子戏法 hat trick
每 逢佳节倍思亲 On festive occasions more than ever one thinks of one's dear ones far away./ It is on the festival occasions when one misses his dear most.
美声唱法 bel canto
美食节 gourmet festival
门户网站 portals
门 前三包 be responsible for general sanitation, green covering and keeping good social order in a designated area outside the unit building
朦胧诗 misty poetry
蒙古包 (Mongolian) yurt
蒙古大夫 quack
孟子 Mencius
民办教师 teachers in rural schools who do not receive the normal remuneration from the government
民工潮 farmers' frenzied hunt for work in cities
民进党 Democratic Progressive Party
民主党派、工商联与无党派人士 non-Communist parties, federations of industry and commerce, personages without party affiliation
民族国家 nation state
民族凝聚力 national cohesion
民族委员会 ethnic affairs commission
民族文化大省 a province with rich ethnic culture
明明白白消费（2000年保护消费者权益工作主题）transparent consumption
模拟测试 mock test; simulated exam
磨洋工 dawdle along
莫失良机 make hay while the sun shines
目标管理 management by objectives
内耗 in-fighting
内环路 inner ring road
内联企业 enterprises with internal connections
纳米 nanometer
耐用消费品 durable consumer items (goods)
男高音演唱家 tenorist
男权主义思想 male chauvinism
南水北调工程 divert water from the south to the north project
难得糊涂 Where ignorance is bliss, it's folly to be wise.
囊括 complete a sweep
闹情绪 be disgruntled; be in a fit of pique
能官能民 be ready to both serve as an official and be one of the common people
能进能出，能上能下competent to work both at the top and at the grass roots
能上网的手机 WAP phone
泥菩萨过河 like a clay Buddha fording the river-hardly able to save oneself; each one is looking out for his own survival
年同比 year-on-year; on an annual basis
年夜饭 family reunion dinner
扭转局面 reverse the tide, turn the table
农村剩余劳动力 surplus rural labor (laborers)
农工商联合企业 agro-industrial-commercial combines
偶像 idol
派出所 local police station
跑龙套 utility man, play a bit role, general handyman
泡沫经济 bubble economy
配股 allotment of shares
配套政策 supporting policies
棚户 shacks; family that live in shacks
碰钉子 get snubbed
碰 头会 brief meeting ( A brief, small-scale, informal meeting with no fixed agenda, the main purpose of which is to exchange information.)
皮包公司 bogus company
疲软股票 soft stock
啤酒肚 beer belly
骗 汇、逃汇、套汇 obtain foreign currency and false pretenses, not turn over foreign currency owed to the government and illegal arbitrage
票贩子 scalper, ticket tout
票房 box office
贫富悬殊 polarization of rich and poor
贫铀弹 depleted uranium bomb
平均主义 equalitarianism
平面设计师 graphic designer
平时不烧香，临时抱佛脚 never burn incense when all is well, but clasp Buddha's feet when in distress
评头论足 nit-pick
瓶颈制约 “bottleneck” restrictions
扑网(体） rush-up, rushing
普选制 general election system
期房 forward delivery housing
骑警 horseback police
旗袍 cheong-sam; Chi-pao
企业孵化器 enterprise incubator
企业集团的松散层 loose level (of an enterprise group)
企业文化 corporate culture
起跑器 block
洽谈会 fair, meeting
千禧婴儿 millennium infant; millennium baby
强化班 intensive training program/class
抢跑 false start, beat the gun
敲竹杠make somebody pay through the nose; put the lug on; rob by a trick
切入点 point of penetration; breakthrough point
亲民党 People First Party
勤工俭学 part-work and part-study system; work-study program
轻轨火车 light rail train
清明节 Qingming Festival/ Pure Brightness Festival/ Tomb Sweeping Day
清算/结算 clearing /settlement
情感消费 emotional consumption
情有独钟 show special preference (favor) to …
区位商业 location-based commerce
屈体 jackknife, pike
圈外人士 people out of the loop
全方位外交 multi-faceted diplomacy
全国卫生城市 National Hygienic City
全景电影 cinepanoramic
全 面实施以德育为核心、以创新精神和实践能力为重点的素质教育 carry on the quality education centering on moral education and emphasizing creativity and practice
全民健身计划纲要 outline of the nationwide body-building plan
全能冠军 all-around winner
全球定位系统 global positioning system (GPS)
全球通 global system for mobile communications
全天候飞机 all-weather aircraft
全天候服务round-the-clock service
全优工程 all-round excellent project
权贵资本主义(又译裙带资本主义或亲朋好友资本主义) crony capitalism
拳头产品 flagship products; competitive products; knock-out products; blockbuster
裙带风 nepotism; petticoat influence
裙带关系 networking through petticoat influence
群言堂 allow everybody to air his view; let everyone have his say; speak one's mind freely
燃油附加税 bunker surcharge
染指 reap undeserved profit from; encroach upon
绕圈子 beat around the bush
热岛效应 tropical island effect
人才流失brain drain
人浮于事 overstaffing
人工智能 artificial intelligence(AI)
人海战术 huge-crowd strategy
人机交互 human-computer interaction
人际交往 human communication
人均住房 per-capita housing
人口负增长 negative population growth (NPG)
人类免疫缺陷病毒Human Immunodeficiency Virus(HIV)
人情债 debt of gratitude
认股权证 warrant
任意球 free kick
日本协力银行 Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC)
融资渠道 financing channels
入水时水花很少 clean entry
软新闻 soft news
软着陆 soft landing
塞翁失马，焉知非福 Misfortune may be an actual blessing.
三八红旗手 woman pace-setter
三步走战略 the three-step development strategy
三 大作风 the Party's three important styles of work (integrating theory with practice, forging close links with the masses and practicing self-criticism)
三 个代表 "three represents" theory (The Party should always represent the development needs of China's advanced social productive forces, always represent the onward direction of China's advanced culture, and always represent the fundamental interests of the largest member of the Chinese people.)
三 个有利于 "three favorables" (whether it promotes the growth of the productive forces in a socialist society, increases the overall strength of the socialist state and raises the people's living standards
三好学生 merit student; three good student (good in study, attitude and health)
三讲教育（讲学习、讲政治、讲正气） "three emphases" education (to stress theoretical study, political awareness and good conduct)
三角恋爱 love triangle
三角债 chain debts
三 来一补企业 the enterprises that process raw materials on clients' demands, assemble parts for the clients and process according to the clients' samples; or engage in compensation trade.
三连冠 three successive championships
三十而立 A man should be independent at the age of thirty. / At thirty, a man should be able to think for himself.
三通 three direct links of trade, mail, and air and shipping services across the Taiwan Straits
三 通一平 "three supplies and one leveling"; supply of water, electricity and road and leveled ground (conditions ready for further economic development)
三维电影 three-dimensional movie
三维动画片 three-dimensional animation
三无企业 three-no-enterprises (It refers to enterprises with no capital, no plant, and no administrative structure.)
三 下乡 a program under which officials, doctors, scientist and college students go to the countryside to spread scientific and literacy knowledge and offer medical service to farmers
三 资企业 foreign-invested enterprises: Sino-foreign joint ventures(中外合资企业), cooperative businesses （中外合作企业） and exclusively foreign-owned enterprises in China（外商独资企业）
三字经 three-character scripture
散户 retail / private investor
桑那浴 sauna
扫黄、打非eliminate pornography and illegal publications
扫尾工作 round-off work; wind-up work
杀手锏 sudden thrust of the mace--one's trump or master card
沙尘暴sand storm; dust storm
山不在高，有仙则名；No matter how high the mountain is, its name will spread far and wide if there is a fairy;
商检局 Commodity Inspection Bureau
商品房空置的现象 the vacancy problem in commercial housing
商品条码 bar code
上山下乡 (of educated urban youth) go and work in the countryside or mountain areas
上市 to be listed
上网 to get on the Internet
上有天堂，下有苏杭 Just as there is paradise in heaven, there are Suzhou and Hangzhou on earth.
少 数服从多数、下级服从上级、局部服从全体、全党服从中央 the minority is subordinate to the majority, the lower level to the higher level, the part to the whole and the entire membership of the Party to the Central Committee
社会热点问题 hot spots of society
社会治安情况 public security situation, law-and-order situation
涉外经济 foreign-related business
申办奥运会 bid for the Olympic Games
身体素质 physique; physical constitution
神州行电话卡 Shenzhou pre-paid card
审时度势 size up the situation
渗透、颠覆和分裂活动 infiltrative, subversive and splittist activities
生态农业 environmental-friendly agriculture
失恋 be disappointed in love; be jilted
失学儿童 dropout
师兄弟 (senior and junior) fellow apprentice
时不我待 Time and tide wait for no man.
实话实说 speak the plain truth; call a spade a spade
实践是检验真理的唯一标准 Practice is the sole criterion for testing truth.
实体经济 the real economy
实现零的突破 fulfill the zero (gold medal, medal, etc) breakthrough
实现小康目标 to achieve the goal of ensuring our people a relatively comfortable life, attain the goal of building a well-off society
实现中华民伟大复兴 bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation
实行国民待遇 grant the national treatment to
实行计划生育、控制人口数量、提高人口素质 promotion of family planning to control the population size and improve the health of the people
食品卫生法 Food Hygiene Law of People's Republic of China
史记 Shi Ji/ Historical Records
世界观、人生观、价值观 world outlook; outlook on life; values
市场疲软 sluggish market
市场准入 market access
市盈率p/e (price/earning) ratio
市值 market capitalization
事业单位 public institution
试用期 probationary period
适度从紧的财政政策 moderately tight financial policy
适销对路的产品 readily marketable products
适者生存survival of the fittest
收购兼并M&A (merger and acquisition)
收入 invisible income; off-payroll income; side money
收视率 audience ratings; television viewing
手机入网费 mobile access fee
首创精神 pioneering spirit
首航 maiden voyage (of an aircraft or ship)
首期按揭 down-payment
受灾地区 disaster-affected are
售后服务 after-sale services
授信额度 line of credit
树立企业良好形象 foster a good and healthy company image
刷卡, 划卡 to punch the card; to stamp the card
甩卖 clearance sale; be on sale
涮羊肉 instant-boiled mutton
双刃剑 double-edged sword
双向选择 two-way selection, referring to employer and employee choosing each other in a job market
水货 smuggled goods
水墨画 Chinese brush drawing; ink and wash painting
硕博联读 a continuous academic project that involves postgraduate and doctoral study
司仪 MC (master of ceremonies)
思乡曲 Nostalgia
思想僵铁 fossilized concept
死机 system halted
四大金刚 Four Heavenly Guardians at the entrance to a Buddhism temple; Four Devarajas
四 个如何认识 (江泽民提出并阐述的如何认识社会主义发展的历史进程、如何认识资本主义发展的历史进程、如何认识我国社会主义改革实践过程对人们思想的影响、如何认识当 今的国际环境和国际政治斗争带来的影响等当前直接影响干部群众思想活动的重大问题.) In his important address to the Central Ideological and Political Work Conference, Party General Secretary Jiang Zemin expounds on how to understand the historical process of socialist development; how to understand the historical process of capitalist development; how to understand the impact of China's socialist reform over the people's thinking; how to understand the impact of the current international environment and political struggle.
四十不惑 Life begins at forty.
四 项基本原则 the Four Cardinal Principles of adherence to the socialist road, the people's democratic dictatorship, the leadership of the Communist Party of China, and Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought
素质教育 education for all-around development, quality-oriented education
随行就市 prices fluctuating in response to market conditions
台独 'independence of Taiwan'
台湾当局 Taiwan authorities
台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分。Taiwan is an inalienable part of the Chinese territory.
台湾同胞 Taiwan compatriots
抬杠 argue for the sake of arguing; bicker
太空步 moonwalk
摊牌put/lay one’s card on the table
谈判的筹码 bargain chip
逃票 to sneak through without a ticket
逃票者 ticket evader
陶冶情操 cultivate one's taste (temperament)
套利 arbitrage
特别提款权 special drawing rights (SDR; SDRs) ; paper gold
特技演员stunt man; stand-in
特色电话机 feature phone
特许税franchise tax
提高农产品收购价格 the government's increase in its procurement prices (for farm products)
替身演员 stunt man/woman; stand-in
跳槽 job-hopping
跳槽者job-hopper
跳进黄河洗不清eve if one jumped into the Yellow River, one can not wash oneself clean--there's nothing one can do to clear one's name
跳蚤市场 flea market
铁饭碗 iron rice bowl
铁哥们 faithful pal；buddies；sworn friend
铁血宰相 iron-and-blood prime minister
厅长 head of a department (under a provincial government)
通存通兑 the banking procedure where deposits and withdrawals are processed at any branch bank
通货紧缩 deflation (of currency)
同等学力 have the same educational level (as the regular graduate or student of certain academic qualification)
同等学力申请硕士学位统考 general examination for applicants with education background equivalent to college graduates for master's degree
同乡会 an association of fellow provincials or townsmen
统筹安排 comprehensive arrangement
统一市场 single market
统一税 flat tax, consolidated tax
筒子楼 tube-shaped apartment
偷渡者stowaway
偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税 tax evasion, tax fraud, and refusal to pay taxes
偷税漏税 tax evasion
头号种子选手 No.1 seed (player); top seed
投手 pitcher
透过现象看本质 see through the appearance to perceive the essence
土地沙化 desertification of land; desert encroachment
团身 bunch up the body
推广科研成果 turning laboratory achievements into commercial/mass production; commercialization of laboratory achievements
退耕还林还草 grain for green
脱口秀 talk show
脱贫致富 cast (shake, throw) off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity
脱手 release grip
挖墙脚 undermine the foundation of sth.; cut the ground from under sb's feet
外汇管理局 Administration of Exchange Control
外汇管制 foreign exchange control
外卖 take-out
外卖店 take-out restaurant
外商独资企业exclusively foreign-owned enterprises in China
外资企业 overseas-funded enterprises
汪辜会谈 Wang Daohan-Koo Chen-fu Talks (Wang-Koo talks)
王储，王太子 Crown Prince
网吧 Internet bar
网关 gateway
网恋 online love affairs
网络出版 online publishing
网络管理员 network administrator
网络经济 cybereconomy
网络空间 cyberspace
网民 netizen; net citizen; cyber citizen
网上冲浪surf the Internet
网上购物 shopping online
网上交易平台 online trading platform
网友 net friend
往事如风 The past has vanished (from memory) like wind.; What in past, is past.
微软移动构想 Microsoft Vision for Mobility; Microsoft Mobility Initiatives
唯利是图 draw water to one's mill
维护人权和不断改善人权状况 safeguard human rights and steadily improve the human rights situation
伪君子hypocrite; a wolf in sheep's clothing
伪劣商品赔还法 lemon law
卫冕世界冠军 reigning world champion
温饱工程 bring-warmth fill-bellies project
文科 liberal arts
文明街道 model community
文韬武略 military expertise; military strategy
稳定压倒一切 Maintaining stability is of top priority
问讯处 information office; inquiry desk
屋顶花园 roof garden
无氟冰箱 freon-free refrigerator
无人售票 self-service ticketing
无绳来电显示电话 cordless telephone with caller ID
无为而治 govern by doing nothing that is against nature; govern by non-interference
无线应用协议 WAP- wireless application protocol
无形资产intangible assets
无中生有 make/create something out of nothing
武俠小说 tales of roving knights; martial arts novel; kung fu novel
物价局 Price Bureau
物业管理 estate management, property management
西部大开发 Development of the West Regions of China
西气东输 transport the natural gas from the West to the East
吸收游资 absorb idle fund
希望工程 Project Hope
息事宁人 pour oil on troubled waters
洗钱 money laundering
喜忧参半 mingled hope and fear
下放权力给 delegating the management of ... (to ...)
下岗职工 laid-off workers
下海 plunge into the commercial sea
下网 off line
下游行业 downstream industry
险胜 cliff-hanging win, narrow victory, nose out
县改市county upgraded to city
县级市county-level city
现代企业制度 modern enterprise system; modern corporate system
线下商贸运作 offline business operation
香格里拉 Shangri-la
向钱看 mammonism, put money above all
项目立项 approve and initiate a project
项目申报 project application
项目预算 project budget
项目支持 project support
削减战略核武器会谈 strategic arms reduction talks (START)
消费信贷 consumer credit services
消费者权益日/International Day for Consumers' Rights and Interests
消费者协会 consumers' association
小康 a comfortable level of living; a better-off life; moderate prosperity
小康之家 well-off family
小农经济 small-scale peasant economy; autarkical small-scale farming
效益工资achievements-related wages; wages based on benefits
效益农业 profitable agriculture
写真集 special album of photos for kids, women or weddings
心理素质 psychological quality
新宠 new favorite
新干线 the Shinkansen, bullet train
新官上任三把火 a new broom sweeps clean
新新人类 New Human Being；X Generation
新秀 up-and-coming star, rising star
信、达、雅（严复：翻译标准） faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance
信贷支持 credit aid
信息港 infoport; cyber port
信息化 information-based; informationization
信用紧缩 credit crunch
信用危机credit crisis
星期日泰晤士报 the Sunday Times
形式主义 formalism
形象小姐/先生 image representative of a product or a brand
虚拟网 virtual net
虚拟现实 virtual reality
选举权和被选举权 the right to vote and the right to be elected
选举人票 electoral vote
选举人制 electoral system
学 而优则仕 (a Confucian slogan for education) a good scholar can become an official; he who excels in study can follow an official career
学生处 students’ affairs division
学生减负 to reduce study load, alleviate the burden on students
寻呼小姐 operators who work with paging centers
巡回招聘 milk round
徇私枉法 bend the law for the benefit of relatives or friends
压水花技术 rip entry
压线(口令) Line!
压轴戏 grand finale; last and best item on a theatrical program
亚健康 subhealthy
严打斗争Strike-Hard Operation, campaign to crack down relentlessly on criminal activities
言情小说 romantic fiction; sentimental novel
研究成果 research results
研究生毕业证/学位证 graduate diploma/graduate degree's diploma
羊肉串小摊 barbecue stall
阳春（最经济方式） no-frills
养老金 pension
养路费 road toll
摇钱树 cash cow
摇头丸 dancing outreach
药物检查 dope control, drug testing
野生动物园 wildlife park; safari park
业内人士 insider
液晶显示屏 liquid crystal display (LCD)
一次性解决问题 solve the problem once and for all
一次性筷子 throwaway chopsticks
一大二公 (concerning the people's commune) large in size and collective in nature
一刀切 cut it even at one stroke--make it rigidly uniform; impose uniformity in all cases; allow no flexibility
一国两制，One country, two systems
一级市场 primary market
一揽子(计划) one-package (plan)
一式两联 (receipt or invoice) in duplicate
一 手抓物质文明，一手抓精神文明；一手抓经济建设，一手抓民主法制；一手抓改革开放，一手抓打击犯罪惩治腐败 We must always work for material progress and at the same time for cultural and ethical progress; We should develop the economy and at the same time strengthen democracy and the legal system; We should promote reform and opening to the outside world and at the same time fight crime and punish corruption.
一线员工 worker at the production line
一言既出，驷马难追 A real man never goes back on his words.
医疗保险 medical insurance
移动电话双（单）向收费 two/one-way charges for mobile/ cellular phones
以 公有制为主体，多种经济成分共同发展 the pattern with the public sector remaining dominant and diverse sectors of the economy developing side by side
以经济建设为中心 focusing on the central task of economic construction
以谋略制胜 outmaneuver
以权谋私 abuse of power for personal gains
以人为本 people oriented; people foremost
以市场为导向 market-oriented
以质量求发展 strategy of development through quality; win the market with quality products
以质量求生存、求发展、求效益 strive for survival, development and efficiency on the basis of equality
义和团运动 Boxer Uprising
义务兵役制 compulsory military service, conscription
义务教育 compulsory education
义演收入 proceeds from benefit performance
易拉罐 pop can
溢价premium
因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude
银行网点 bank outlets
隐性就业 unregistered employment
应届毕业生 this year's graduates
应试教育 exam-oriented education, examination-oriented education system
营业税 turnover tax; business tax
硬道理 absolute principle, top priority
永久正常贸易关系 permanent normal trading relations (PNTR)
优化结构 optimize structure
优化组合 optimization grouping; optional regrouping
优胜劣汰 survival of the fittest
优势互补 (of two countries or companies) have complementary advantages
邮递协议 Post Office Protocol (POP)
有 法可依，有法必依，执法必严，违法必究 There must be laws to go by, the laws must be observed and strictly enforced, and law-breakers must be prosecuted.
有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律 with lofty ideals, integrity, knowledge and a strong sense of discipline
有情人终成眷属 Jack shall have Jill, all shall be well.
有望夺金者 a gold medal hopeful
有勇无谋 use brawn rather than brain
舆论导向 direction of public opinion
舆论监督 supervision by public opinion
与国际市场接轨 integrate with the world market; become integrated into the global market
与民众的直接对话 town hall conference/meeting
欲 穷千里目，更上一层楼 to ascend another story to see a thousand miles further; Ascend further, were you to look farther; Would eye embrace a thousand miles? Go up, one flight.
欲速则不达 Haste does not bring success.
冤假错案 cases in which people were unjustly, falsely or wrongly charged or sentenced; unjust, false or wrong cases
元宵节 Lantern Festival
缘分 (as if by) predestination, be preordained to come together
远程教育 distance learning
远景计划 long-term development targets
运球 dribble
宰（客） to swindle money out of our customers
再贷款 re-lending; subloan
再就业服务中心 re-employment service center
在孵（孵化器）企业 incubated enterprises (incubator)
在职博士生 on-job Ph.D candidate
糟粕 dross
早恋 puppy love
造假帐 falsified accounts
斋月 Ramadan
债转股 debt-to-equity swap
沾光 benefit from one's association
战略伙伴关系 strategic partnership
站票 standing-room-only ticket
站台票 platform ticket
涨落线 advance balance line
掌上电脑 palm computer
招标投标制 the system of public bidding for project
招股说明书prospectus
招商引资 attract/bid for/invite investments (from overseas)
招生就业指导办公室 enrolment and vocation guidance office
真空包装 vacuum packing
真善美 the true, the good and the beautiful; truth, good and beauty
正式照会 formal note
证券营业部 stock exchange; security exchange
政策性住房 policy-related house, policy-based house
政府搭台，部门推动，企业唱戏 Governments set up the stage, various departments cooperate and enterprise put in the show.
政府上网工程Government Online Project
政府职能转变 transform/shift the government functions
政 企不分 without a clear line between the functions of the government and enterprises; the functions of the government and enterprises mixed up
政企分开 separate government functions from enterprise management
政务公开 make government affairs public
政治迫害 political prosecution; witch hunt
政 治协商、民主监督、参政议政 exercise political consultation and democratic supervision and participate in deliberating and administration of state affairs
支原体 mycoplasma
知识产权 intellectual property rights
知识经济 knowledge economy , knowledge-base economy
直播 live broadcast, live telecast
职务犯罪 crime by taking advantage of duty
职业经理人 professional manager
致命要害 Achilles' heel
智力密集型 concentration of brain power; knowledge-intensive
智囊团、思想库 the brain trust；think tank
中关村科技园区 Zhongguancun Science and Technology Park
中国经济景气监测中心 China Economic Monitoring Center
中国新经济峰会 China New Economy Summit
中国新闻出版报社 China Press and Publication News
中华人民共和国消费者权益保护法 Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Consumers' Rights and Interests
中华世纪坛 China Millennium Monument
中华医学会 Chinese Medical Association
中介 intermediary agent
中流砥柱 mainstay, chief corner stone
中美战略核武器互不瞄准对方 non-targeting strategic nuclear weapons against each other
中外合资企业Sino-foreign joint ventures
中外合作企业（项目）cooperative businesses (projects)
中下层南方共和党人（美国） pickup-truck Republican
中央大型企业工委：Central Work Committee for Large Enterprises
中央国家机关 China's State organs
中央经济工作会议 the Central Economic Working Conference
中央商务区 central business district (CBD)
中专生 secondary specialized or technical school student
众口难调 It is difficult to cater to all tastes.; One man's meat is another man's poison.
重点发展 prioritize
重复建设 building redundant project; duplication of similar projects
主板市场 main board of the stock market
主持人 anchorperson
主体经济 the mainstay of the economy
住房分配货币化进程 capitalization process of housing distribution/allocation
住房零首付 zero-yuan first payment (for apartments)
助跑 approach run, run-up
驻港部队People's Liberation Army garrison in Hong Kong
祝愿…一路平安，一路顺风 speed somebody on their way; speed the parting guest
抓 大放小 to invigorate large enterprises while relaxing control over small ones; focus on the restructuring of major enterprises and leave minor ones to fend for themselves
抓住机遇 seize the opportunity
专卖店 exclusive agency; franchised store
专门术语 buzzword ; jargon
专 升本 upgrade from junior college student to university student; students with the diploma of junior college try to obtain the undergraduate diplomat through self-taught study
转化机制 (of State-owned enterprises) to shift to new management mechanisms
转基因食品 GM food (genetically modified food)
追赶型和跨越式发展 pursuant and leap-forward development
准博士all but dissertation (ABD)
资产保值增值 maintain and increase the value of assets; maintenance and appreciation of assets value
资产剥离 peel off (bad) assets of a company
资产负债表 balance sheet
资产阶级自由化 bourgeois liberalization
资金汇划 fund remittance and transfer
资源配置 the distribution (allocation) of resources
自动柜员机 automatic teller machine (ATM)
自律机制 the self-discipline system
自然保护区natural reserve; nature preservation zone
自然耗损 natural wearing
自我保护意识 self-protection awareness
自营 self-run
自由港 free-trade port，free port
自助银行 self-help bank
自作自受stew in one’s own juice
综合国力 comprehensive national strength
综合业务数字网 integrated service digital network (ISDN)
综合指数composite index
综合治理 comprehensive treatment
总裁助理 assistant president
总经理负责制 general manager responsibility system
总统选举团electoral college
遵纪守法、廉洁奉公 observe the relevant code of conduct and the law and honestly perform one's official duties
《本草纲目》 Compendium of Materia Medica
《红楼梦》A Dream in Red Mansions (The Story of the Stone)
《聊斋志异》 Strange Tales of a Lonely Studio
《论语》 Analects of Confucius
《三国演义》The Romance of the Three Kingdoms
《山海经》the Classic of Mountains and Rivers
《围城》 A Surrounded City
《西厢记》 The Romance of West Chamber
《西游记》Pilgrimage to the West; Journey to the West
《资治通鉴》 History as a Mirror
《水浒传》 Heroes of the Marshes; Water Margins
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